{"id":135789,"date":"2012-12-17T08:00:09","date_gmt":"2012-12-17T06:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/?p=135789"},"modified":"2013-04-18T12:08:50","modified_gmt":"2013-04-18T10:08:50","slug":"mamiferos-ciegos-en-el-parrafo-ducentesimo-septimo-de-el-origen-de-las-especies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/2012\/12\/17\/135789","title":{"rendered":"Mam\u00edferos ciegos copiados de Lamarck en el p\u00e1rrafo ducent\u00e9simo s\u00e9ptimo de El Origen de las Especies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http:\/\/www.faunaparaguay.com\/Ctenomys%20conoveri%20ENCISO%20nov%2008%20hugo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"432\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>207.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>The eyes of moles and of some burrowing rodents are rudimentary in size, and in some cases are quite covered by skin and fur. This state of the eyes is probably due to gradual reduction from disuse, but aided perhaps by natural selection. In South America, a burrowing rodent, the tuco-tuco, or Ctenomys, is even more subterranean in its habits than the mole; and I was assured by a Spaniard, who had often caught them, that they were frequently blind. One which I kept alive was certainly in this condition, the cause, as appeared on dissection, having been inflammation of the nictitating membrane. As frequent inflammation of the eyes must be injurious to any animal, and as eyes are certainly not necessary to animals having subterranean habits, a reduction in their size, with the adhesion of the eyelids and growth of fur over them, might in such case be an advantage; and if so, natural selection would aid the effects of disuse.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los ojos de los topos y de algunos roedores minadores son rudimentarios por su tama\u00f1o, y en algunos casos est\u00e1n por completo cubiertos por piel y pelos. Este estado de los ojos se debe probablemente a reducci\u00f3n gradual por desuso, aunque ayudada quiz\u00e1 por selecci\u00f3n natural. En Am\u00e9rica del Sur, un roedor minador, el tuco-tuco, o Ctenomys, es en sus costumbres a\u00fan m\u00e1s subterr\u00e1neo que el topo, y me asegur\u00f3 un espa\u00f1ol, que los hab\u00eda cazado muchas veces, que con frecuencia eran ciegos. Un ejemplar que conserv\u00e9 vivo se encontraba positivamente en este estado, habiendo sido la causa, seg\u00fan se vio en la disecci\u00f3n, la inflamaci\u00f3n de la membrana nictitante. Como la inflamaci\u00f3n frecuente de los ojos tiene que ser perjudicial a cualquier animal, y como los ojos, seguramente, no son necesarios a los animales que tienen costumbres subterr\u00e1neas, una reducci\u00f3n en el tama\u00f1o, unida a la adherencia de los p\u00e1rpados y al crecimiento de pelo sobre ellos, pudo en este caso ser una ventaja, y, si es as\u00ed, la selecci\u00f3n natural ayudar\u00eda a los efectos del desuso.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">******************************************************************************************************+<\/p>\n<p>El desuso acaba por hacer desaparecer los ojos de algunos mam\u00edferos.\u00a0 El topo es un buen ejemplo tomado literalmente de la Phylosophie Zoologique de Lamarck\u00a0 (Premiere partie chap. VII). Para disimular el plagio, al igual que hizo con los patos,\u00a0 ahora el autor debe poner su firma, a\u00f1adir un detalle de su cosecha original. A\u00f1ade en lugar de uno, dos: Uno in\u00fatil:\u00a0 la selecci\u00f3n natural. Otro puramente ornamental: el Ctenomys.<\/p>\n<p>La siguiente frase:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>This state of the eyes is probably due to gradual reduction from disuse, but aided perhaps by natural selection<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Gana en claridad si la cortamos por la mitad:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>This state of the eyes is probably due to gradual reduction from disuse<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>En cualquier caso, el cambio no da lugar a una nueva especie.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Imagen de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faunaparaguay.com\">Faunaparaguay<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>207. \u00a0 The eyes of moles and of some burrowing rodents are rudimentary in size, and in some cases are quite covered by skin and fur. This state of the eyes is probably due to gradual reduction from disuse, but aided perhaps by natural selection. In South America, a burrowing rodent, the tuco-tuco, or Ctenomys, is even more subterranean in its habits than the mole; and I was assured by a Spaniard, who had often caught them, that they were frequently blind. One which I kept alive was certainly in this condition, the cause, as appeared on dissection, having been\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[467,468,2978,14312,465,14328,493,14322,14331],"tags":[22760,22771,22692,22775],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135789"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/86"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135789"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":136688,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135789\/revisions\/136688"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}