{"id":137709,"date":"2013-11-12T08:00:36","date_gmt":"2013-11-12T06:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/?p=137709"},"modified":"2013-10-10T10:40:29","modified_gmt":"2013-10-10T08:40:29","slug":"flourens-en-la-encyclopedia-of-the-neurological-sciences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/2013\/11\/12\/137709","title":{"rendered":"Flourens en la \u00abEncyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

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FRENCH PHYSIOLOGIST<\/p>\n

Marie-Jean-Pierre Flourens (1794\u20131867) was one of the earliest proponents of the use of the experimental method to explore the function of the central nervous system (CNS). He strongly opposed contemporary theories, such as phrenology, that suggested that the cerebral cortex had specialized regions for processing specific types of information (e.g., visual information) and for performing specific functions (e.g., understanding the spoken word). His opposition to the concept of specialized cortical function in the cortex resulted from his observations of the effects of cortical lesions in non-primate mammals and birds\u2014animals that are far less dependent on the cortex to carry out cognitive functions. Perhaps Flourens\u2019 greatest contribution to physiology was that he established the primacy of the experimental method as a technique for identifying and characterizing the functions of particular regions of the nervous system. He developed a theory of CNS function that assigned cognition to the cerebral cortex, coordination to the cerebellum, and respiration to the medulla.<\/p>\n

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Flourens was born in Maureilhan, a rural southern French village, on April 13, 1794. He received his medical education at the University of Montpellier in France and in 1814 he went to Paris to study physiology with Georges Cuvier (1769\u20131832). His initial studies involved research on the physical basis of sensation and led to his receiving the prestigious Montyon prize (1824 and 1825). Flourens was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 1828 and was promoted to professor of physiology at the\u2026\u2026..<\/p>\n

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EL FISI\u00d3LOGO FRANC\u00c9S MARIE-JEAN-PIERRE FLOURENS (1794-1867)\u00a0 fue uno de los defensores m\u00e1s tempranos del empleo del m\u00e9todo experimental para explorar la funci\u00f3n del sistema nervioso central (CNS). \u00c9l se opuso con fuerza a teor\u00edas contempor\u00e1neas, como la frenolog\u00eda, que suger\u00edan que la corteza cerebral se hubiera especializado en regiones para procesar los tipos espec\u00edficos de informaci\u00f3n (p.ej., la informaci\u00f3n visual) y para realizar funciones espec\u00edficas (p.ej., la comprensi\u00f3n la palabra hablada). Su oposici\u00f3n al concepto de funci\u00f3n especializada en la corteza fue resultado de sus observaciones de los efectos de lesiones corticales en mam\u00edferos de no- primates y p\u00e1jaros, animales que son mucho menos dependientes de la corteza para realizar funciones cognoscitivas. Quiz\u00e1s la mayor contribuci\u00f3n de Flourens a la fisiolog\u00eda consiste en que estableci\u00f3 la primac\u00eda del m\u00e9todo experimental como una t\u00e9cnica para identificar y caracterizar las funciones de las regiones particulares del sistema nervioso. \u00a0Desarroll\u00f3 una teor\u00eda de funci\u00f3n de CNS que asign\u00f3 la cognici\u00f3n a la corteza cerebral, la coordinaci\u00f3n al cerebelo, y la respiraci\u00f3n a la medula.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Flourens naci\u00f3 en Maureilhan, un pueblo rural del sur franc\u00e9s, el 13 de abril de 1794.\u00a0 Recibi\u00f3 su educaci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica en la Universidad de Montpellier en Francia y en 1814 fue a Par\u00eds a estudiar fisiolog\u00eda con Georges Cuvier (1769-1832). Sus estudios iniciales inclu\u00edan la investigaci\u00f3n en la base f\u00edsica de sensaci\u00f3n y lo llevaron a la concesi\u00f3n del prestigioso premio Montyon (1824 y 1825). Flourens fue elegido a la Academia francesa de Ciencias en 1828 y fue promovido al profesor de fisiolog\u00eda en el \u2026\u2026..<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tomado de Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences<\/a> 2003, Pages 374\u2013375.<\/p>\n

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Lectura aconsejada:<\/p>\n