{"id":139604,"date":"2015-03-06T08:00:22","date_gmt":"2015-03-06T06:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/?p=139604"},"modified":"2015-01-27T11:33:27","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T09:33:27","slug":"un-asunto-mucho-mas-complejo-de-lo-que-a-primera-vista-parece-en-el-parrafo-septingentesimo-cuadragesimo-septimo-de-el-origen-de-las-especies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/2015\/03\/06\/139604","title":{"rendered":"Un asunto mucho m\u00e1s complejo de lo que a primera vista parece en el p\u00e1rrafo septingent\u00e9simo cuadrag\u00e9simo s\u00e9ptimo de El Origen de las Especies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La Morfolog\u00eda, que el autor ha comenzado a tratar ocho p\u00e1rrafos atr\u00e1s, ya le resulta inc\u00f3moda. El autor desconoce los principios m\u00e1s elementales de la morfolog\u00eda y est\u00e1 ya deseando cambiar de tema. Aqu\u00ed har\u00e1 un breve resumen de un texto de Mr. E. Ray Lankester quien distinguee entre homogeneidad y homoplastia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>747.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>But morphology is a much more complex subject than it at first appears, as has lately been well shown in a remarkable paper by Mr. E. Ray Lankester, who has drawn an important distinction between certain classes of cases which have all been equally ranked by naturalists as homologous. He proposes to call the structures which resemble each other in distinct animals, owing to their descent from a common progenitor with subsequent modification, \u00abhomogenous\u00bb; and the resemblances which cannot thus be accounted for, he proposes to call \u00abhomoplastic\u00bb. For instance, he believes that the hearts of birds and mammals are as a whole homogenous\u2014that is, have been derived from a common progenitor; but that the four cavities of the heart in the two classes are homoplastic\u2014that is, have been independently developed. Mr. Lankester also adduces the close resemblance of the parts on the right and left sides of the body, and in the successive segments of the same individual animal; and here we have parts commonly called homologous which bear no relation to the descent of distinct species from a common progenitor. Homoplastic structures are the same with those which I have classed, though in a very imperfect manner, as analogous modifications or resemblances. Their formation may be attributed in part to distinct organisms, or to distinct parts of the same organism, having varied in an analogous manner; and in part to similar modifications, having been preserved for the same general purpose or function, of which many instances have been given.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Pero la Morfolog\u00eda es un asunto mucho m\u00e1s complejo de lo que a primera vista parece, como recientemente ha demostrado muy bien, en una notable memoria, m\u00edster E. Ray Lankester, quien ha establecido una importante distinci\u00f3n entre ciertas clases de casos considerados todos igualmente como hom\u00f3logos por los naturalistas. Propone llamar homog\u00e9neas las conformaciones que se asemejan entre s\u00ed en animales distintos, debido a su descendencia de un antepasado com\u00fan, con modificaciones subsiguientes, y propone llamar homopl\u00e1sticas las semejanzas que no pueden explicarse de este modo. Por ejemplo: m\u00edster Lankester cree que los corazones de las aves y mam\u00edferos son homog\u00e9neos en conjunto, esto es, que han descendido de un antepasado com\u00fan; pero que las cuatro cavidades del coraz\u00f3n en las dos clases son homopl\u00e1sticas, esto es, se han desarrollado independientemente. M\u00edster Lankester aduce tambi\u00e9n la estrecha semejanza que existe entre las partes derecha e izquierda del pecho, y entre los segmentos sucesivos de un mismo individuo animal, y en este caso tenemos partes, com\u00fanmente llamadas hom\u00f3logas, que no tienen relaci\u00f3n alguna con el descender especies distintas de un antepasado com\u00fan. Las conformaciones homopl\u00e1sticas son las mismas que las que he clasificado, aunque de un modo muy imperfecto, como modificaciones anal\u00f3gicas o semejanzas. Su formaci\u00f3n ha de atribuirse, en parte, a que organismos distintos o partes distintas del mismo organismo han variado de un modo an\u00e1logo y, en parte, a que para el mismo fin general o funci\u00f3n se han conservado modificaciones semejantes; de lo cual podr\u00edan citarse muchos casos.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Lectura aconsejada:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/digital.csic.es\/handle\/10261\/76630\"> Manual para detectar la impostura cient\u00edfica: Examen del libro de Darwin por Flourens.<\/a> Digital CSIC, 2013. 225 p\u00e1ginas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Morfolog\u00eda, que el autor ha comenzado a tratar ocho p\u00e1rrafos atr\u00e1s, ya le resulta inc\u00f3moda. El autor desconoce los principios m\u00e1s elementales de la morfolog\u00eda y est\u00e1 ya deseando cambiar de tema. Aqu\u00ed har\u00e1 un breve resumen de un texto de Mr. E. Ray Lankester quien distinguee entre homogeneidad y homoplastia. &nbsp; 747. \u00a0 But morphology is a much more complex subject than it at first appears, as has lately been well shown in a remarkable paper by Mr. E. Ray Lankester, who has drawn an important distinction between certain classes of cases which have all been equally ranked\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[467,9746,22634],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139604"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/86"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=139604"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":139606,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139604\/revisions\/139606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=139604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=139604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/biologia_pensamiento\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=139604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}