{"id":69613,"date":"2007-07-09T07:51:00","date_gmt":"2007-07-09T07:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/salud_publica\/archive\/2007\/07\/09\/69613.aspx"},"modified":"2007-07-09T07:51:00","modified_gmt":"2007-07-09T07:51:00","slug":"otra-forma-de-clasificar-las-enfermedades-infecciosas-para-el-estudio-de-un-brote","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/2007\/07\/09\/69613","title":{"rendered":"Otra forma de clasificar las enfermedades infecciosas para el estudio de un brote"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">En el caso de las enfermedades infecciosas, existe tambi\u00e9n otro tipo de informaci\u00f3n adicional sobre la enfermedad que ayuda a caracterizar el Brote:<x:namespace prefix = o ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" \/><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 71.4pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 71.4pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><SPAN style=\"mso-list: Ignore\">\u00b7<SPAN style=\"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">enfermedades transmisibles en relaci\u00f3n con no transmisibles; <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 71.4pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 71.4pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><SPAN style=\"mso-list: Ignore\">\u00b7<SPAN style=\"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">infecci\u00f3n ex\u00f3gena en relaci\u00f3n a infecci\u00f3n end\u00f3gena; <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 71.4pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 71.4pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><SPAN style=\"mso-list: Ignore\">\u00b7<SPAN style=\"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">infecci\u00f3n hospitalaria frente a infecci\u00f3n de la comunidad; <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 71.4pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 71.4pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><SPAN style=\"mso-list: Ignore\">\u00b7<SPAN style=\"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">infecci\u00f3n lenta o infecci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P><!--more--><P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa cada uno de estos t\u00e9rminos?<\/SPAN><\/B><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><\/SPAN><\/B>&nbsp;<\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><\/SPAN><\/B>&nbsp;<\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><IMG style=\"WIDTH: 415px; HEIGHT: 477px\" height=720 src=\"\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/97\/files\/722\/o_Presentaci\u00f3n3.jpg\" width=799><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG>ENFERMEDAD INFECCIOSA TRANSMISIBLE <x:namespace prefix = o ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" \/><o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><FONT color=#000000><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Si bien la transmisi\u00f3n de una enfermedad infecciosa se refiere al mecanismo por el cual un agente infeccioso pasa desde una fuente o reservorio a una persona, en este caso particular distinguiremos la transmisi\u00f3n de persona a persona. En este sentido, consideraremos las enfermedades infecciosas transmisibles como aquellas que pueden transmitirse de persona a persona, <\/SPAN><I><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'FuturaLtBT,Italic'; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">como por ejemplo<\/SPAN><\/I><\/FONT><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>, <\/FONT><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">la Gripe<\/SPAN><FONT color=#000000>. <o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN><STRONG>ENFERMEDAD INFECCIOSA NO TRANSMISIBLE<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>En mucha menor proporci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n existen enfermedades infecciosas no transmisibles, es decir, en las que no es posible el contagio entre personas.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><I><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'FuturaLtBT,Italic'; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Ejemplos caracter\u00edsticos <\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/I><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>de este tipo de infecciones son <\/FONT><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">el T\u00e9tanos y la Histoplasmosis.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">En segundo t\u00e9rmino, y de acuerdo al origen del agente pat\u00f3geno, las infecciones pueden ser end\u00f3genas o ex\u00f3genas. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG>INFECCI\u00d3N END\u00d3GENA<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Es aquella en la que el agente que causa la infecci\u00f3n se encuentra colonizando el mismo hu\u00e9sped y una alteraci\u00f3n en la relaci\u00f3n entre el hu\u00e9sped y el agente conduce a la infecci\u00f3n.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>El <\/FONT><I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">Escherichia Coli<\/SPAN><\/I><FONT color=#000000> se encuentra normalmente colonizando el tracto intestinal. Una alteraci\u00f3n de la barrera mucosa puede provocar el pasaje de la bacteria al torrente sangu\u00edneo y provocar una infecci\u00f3n.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><FONT color=#000000><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Muchas infecciones por hongos son de tipo end\u00f3genas. <\/SPAN><I><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'FuturaLtBT,Italic'; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Un ejemplo <\/SPAN><\/I><\/FONT><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>caracter\u00edstico es la infecci\u00f3n debida a <\/FONT><I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">Candida albicans<\/SPAN><\/I><FONT color=#000000>, que en presencia de estados de disminuci\u00f3n de las defensas del hu\u00e9sped puede ser causa de infecciones de diferente severidad.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG>INFECCI\u00d3N EX\u00d3GENA:<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>En las infecciones ex\u00f3genas, el agente es transportado desde una fuente externa hasta el hu\u00e9sped.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><STRONG><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <UL style=\"MARGIN-TOP: 0cm\" type=disc> <LI class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"> <DIV align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Enfermedades de transmisi\u00f3n sexual: <\/FONT><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">S\u00edfilis, Gonorrea,<\/SPAN><FONT color=#000000> etc\u00e9tera.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN> <\/DIV> <LI class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1\"> <DIV align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Enfermedades transmitidas por v\u00eda fecal-oral: <\/FONT><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue\">Hepatitis A<\/SPAN><FONT color=#000000>.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/DIV><\/LI><\/UL> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Seg\u00fan el lugar donde se adquiri\u00f3 la infecci\u00f3n, las infecciones pueden ser nosocomiales<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">(adquiridas en el hospital) o de la comunidad.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG>INFECCI\u00d3N NOSOCOMIAL<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Luego tenemos las infecciones nosocomiales o intrahospitalarias que son aquellas adquiridas por los pacientes durante su ingreso en un hospital. Se trata de infecciones particulares debido a su transmisibilidad y gravedad potencial. Los agentes pat\u00f3genos suelen ser especialmente virulentos y exhiben patrones singulares de resistencia antimicrobiana.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Por otra parte los hu\u00e9spedes suelen ser particularmente susceptibles debido de que se trata de pacientes con patolog\u00eda de base que ocasiona su ingreso.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG>INFECCI\u00d3N COMUNITARIA<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><FONT color=#000000>Son aquellas enfermedades, generalmente comunes, que adquirimos en nuestra vida diaria. Entre ellas son m\u00e1s f\u00e1cilmente identificables los brotes que ocurren en colectivos ya sean colegios, restaurantes, etc.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-ansi-language: ES\"><o:p><FONT color=#000000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">De acuerdo a la duraci\u00f3n del per\u00edodo de incubaci\u00f3n, las infecciones pueden ser \u00abr\u00e1pidas\u00bb o \u00ablentas\u00bb. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-ansi-language: ES\"><STRONG>ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS R\u00c1PIDAS<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Las enfermedades infecciosas que consideramos r\u00e1pidas son las m\u00e1s habituales con periodos de incubaci\u00f3n de d\u00edas o como m\u00e1ximo de meses.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Los ejemplos m\u00e1s conocidos son los <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">resfriados comunes, gastroenteritis, sarampi\u00f3n rub\u00e9ola, parotiditis, varicela,<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"> etc.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN><STRONG>ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS LENTAS<o:p><\/o:p><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Las enfermedades infecciosas llamadas lentas incluyen a aquellas infecciones con per\u00edodos de incubaci\u00f3n muy prolongados, de a\u00f1os, y requieren para su diagn\u00f3stico estudios mucho m\u00e1s complejos durante largos per\u00edodos de tiempo.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><FONT size=3><SPAN style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">Como ejemplo de enfermedades infecciosas con periodo de incubaci\u00f3n largo podemos hablar de <\/SPAN><x:namespace prefix = st1 ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\" \/><st1:PersonName ProductID=\"la Encefalopat?a Espongiforme\" w:st=\"on\"><st1:PersonName ProductID=\"la Encefalopat?a\" w:st=\"on\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\">la Encefalopat\u00eda<\/SPAN><\/st1:PersonName><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"> Espongiforme<\/SPAN><\/st1:PersonName><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"> Subaguda o Enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob, el SIDA y el carcinoma de cuello de \u00fatero provocado por ciertos virus del papiloma humano.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"COLOR: purple; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><STRONG><FONT size=3>Hay que resaltar que estas categor\u00edas no son excluyentes. Es decir una enfermedad puede ser comunitaria, r\u00e1pida y de transmisi\u00f3n persona a persona.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"COLOR: purple; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><STRONG><FONT size=3>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"COLOR: purple; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><STRONG><FONT size=3>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><SPAN style=\"COLOR: purple; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p><STRONG><FONT size=3>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\" align=justify><I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: FuturaLtBT; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: HE\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/I><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\" align=justify><STRONG><st1:PersonName w:st=\"on\"><I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-ansi-language: ES\">Consuelo<\/SPAN><\/I><\/st1:PersonName><I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-ansi-language: ES\"> Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez Mart\u00ed<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/I><\/STRONG><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN>&nbsp;<\/P><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En el caso de las enfermedades infecciosas, existe tambi\u00e9n otro tipo de informaci\u00f3n adicional sobre la enfermedad que ayuda a caracterizar el Brote: &nbsp; \u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enfermedades transmisibles en relaci\u00f3n con no transmisibles; \u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; infecci\u00f3n ex\u00f3gena en relaci\u00f3n a infecci\u00f3n end\u00f3gena; \u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; infecci\u00f3n hospitalaria frente a infecci\u00f3n de la comunidad; \u00b7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; infecci\u00f3n lenta o infecci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[678,669],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69613"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69613"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69613\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/salud_publica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}