{"id":129648,"date":"2009-12-02T19:01:00","date_gmt":"2009-12-02T19:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/universo\/archive\/2009\/12\/02\/129648.aspx"},"modified":"2010-02-04T17:38:38","modified_gmt":"2010-02-04T16:38:38","slug":"reconstruccion-ecologica-catastrofe-ambiental-el-caso-de-la-isla-macquarie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2009\/12\/02\/129648","title":{"rendered":"Reconstrucci\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica = Cat\u00e1strofe Ambiental. El Caso de la Isla Macquarie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ya os hable en un par de post precedentes sobre los problemas que puede acarrear la <a href=\"\/blogs\/universo2009\/06\/10\/119971.aspx\">migraci\u00f3n asistida de especies<\/a> (en una vana iniciativa por paliar los efectos del calentamiento clim\u00e1tico sobre la biosfera), que no deja de ser m\u00e1s que una introducci\u00f3n deliberada de organismos vivos nuevos ambientes. El pasado ha mostrado que, con harta frecuencia, tales pr\u00e1cticas devienen en hecatombes ambientales. La ecolog\u00eda de la reconstrucci\u00f3n debe realizarse siempre que sea posible con especies nativas. La historia que os vamos a narrar hoy, extra\u00edda de otra escrita en Terradaily hace casi un a\u00f1o, resultar\u00eda hilarante, si no fuera por la tragedia ecol\u00f3gica ocasionada, erosi\u00f3n del suelo incluida. La arrogancia, basada en la carencia de conocimientos, puede llegar a ser tal peligrosa como la inactividad. Y as\u00ed, el conservacionista timorato deviene en bioterrorista. La historia que os ofrezco, simult\u00e1neamente en ingl\u00e9s y espa\u00f1ol-castellano, me permite que hoy sea m\u00e1s breve de lo habitual. Re\u00edr por no llorar. Pero recordar que a menudo nos ofrecen como manjar \u201cgato por liebre\u201d o mejor dicho \u201cgato por conejo\u201d. Eso s\u00ed, a precios astron\u00f3micos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Bookman Old Style&quot;;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/147\/o_sootyalbatross_wideweb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"436\" height=\"301\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Isla Macquaire. Fuente: The Sydney Morning Herald<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--> <!--[if !mso]><span class=\"mceItemObject\"   classid=\"clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D\" id=ieooui><\/span>\n<mce:style><!   st1\\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal \t{mso-style-parent:\"\"; \tmargin:0pt; \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:12.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink \t{color:#0000A0; \ttext-decoration:underline; \ttext-underline:single;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed \t{color:purple; \ttext-decoration:underline; \ttext-underline:single;} span.longtext1 \t{mso-style-name:long_text1; \tmso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; \tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;} @page Section1 \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt; \tmargin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt; \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt; \tmso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 \t{page:Section1;} --><\/p>\n<p><!--  \/* Style Definitions *\/  table.MsoNormalTable \t{mso-style-name:\"Tabla normal\"; \tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \tmso-style-noshow:yes; \tmso-style-parent:\"\"; \tmso-padding-alt:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt; \tmso-para-margin:0pt; \tmso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:10.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.es\/search?source=ig&amp;hl=es&amp;rlz=1R2GGLL_es&amp;q=%22Removing+invasive+species+on+remote+island+unleashed+disaster%22&amp;btnG=Buscar+con+Google&amp;meta=lr=&amp;aq=f&amp;oq=\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Removing invasive species on remote island unleashed disaster<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">by Staff Writers; Paris (AFP) <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Jan  13, 2009<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial; color: green;\">Extracci\u00f3n de especies invasoras en la isla remota desat\u00f3 el desastre<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"><br \/>\nEfforts to remove an invasive species from a sub-Antarctic island that has been named a World Heritage site accidentally triggered an environmental catastrophe, a study published on Tuesday says. The eradication programme on <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Macquarie<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Island<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">, lying halfway between <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Australia<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Antarctica<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">, is a cautionary tale about the complex web of ecosystems, its authors say. In the early 19th century, cats were introduced to <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Macquarie<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Island<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">, where they swiftly became feral. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\">El esfuerzo para eliminar una especie invasora de una isla sur-ant\u00e1rtica ant\u00e1rtica que hab\u00eda sido nombrada Patrimonio de la Humanidad dispar\u00f3 accidentalmente una cat\u00e1strofe ambiental, seg\u00fan narra un estudio publicado el martes. El programa de erradicaci\u00f3n en la <strong>Isla Macquarie<\/strong>, a mitad de camino <strong>entre Australia y la Ant\u00e1rtida<\/strong>, resulta ser una h<strong>istoria aleccionadora acerca de la complejidad de las redes ecosist\u00e9micas<\/strong>, seg\u00fan los autores. <strong>En el siglo XIX, los gatos fueron introducidos en la Isla Macquarie<\/strong>, donde r\u00e1pidamente se asilvestraron. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">In 1878, rabbits were brought in by seal hunters, according to the paper, which appears on Tuesday in the Journal of Applied Ecology, published by the British Ecological Society. By the late 1960s, the rabbit population had become so large, and so destructive of vegetation, that the Australian authorities used the Myxoma virus &#8212; which causes the disease myxamotosis among rabbits &#8212; to control their numbers. As a result, the rabbits dwindled, from a peak of 130,000 in 1978 to 20,000 in the 1980s, and the vegetation recovered. The downside: the cats, which had been tucking into the rabbits for food, turned to <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Macquarie<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">&#8216;s native burrowing birds for sustenance. Fearing that the birds would get wiped out, the authorities returned to the island in 1985 to launch a cat eradication programme. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/147\/o_macquarie-island%20Context%20com.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"446\" height=\"210\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\" lang=\"IT\">I<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\" lang=\"FR\"><a href=\"http:\/\/contexts.org\/socimages\/2009\/03\/22\/human-impact-on-the-environment\"><span lang=\"IT\">sla Macquaire. Fuente: context.com.<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"MsoHyperlink\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/contexts.org\/socimages\/2009\/03\/22\/human-impact-on-the-environment\">Antes y despu\u00e9s de la cat\u00e1strofe ecol\u00f3gica<\/a><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><strong><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\">En 1878, los conejos fueron introducidos por los cazadores de focas<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\">, seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo, que aparecer\u00e1 publicado el martes en el <\/span><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><strong><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: green; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\">Journal of Applied Ecology<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;\">, <span style=\"color: #333399;\">perteneciente a la Sociedad Brit\u00e1nica de ecolog\u00eda<strong>. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399;\">A finales de 1960, la poblaci\u00f3n de conejos se hab\u00eda vuelto tan numerosa y tan destructiva de la vegetaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399;\">, como para que l<strong>as autoridades australianas introdujeron<span> <\/span>el virus de la <\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.conciencia-animal.cl\/paginas\/drzoo\/guiamascota4.php?d=772\">mixomatosis<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <span style=\"color: #333399;\">(enfermedad que afecta a estos animales) con vistas a controlar sus poblaciones. Como resultado,<strong> el n\u00famero de conejos se redujo<\/strong>, desde un m\u00e1ximo de 130.000 en 1978 a 20.000 en el decenio de 1980. En consecuencia, <strong>la vegetaci\u00f3n se recuper\u00f3. Pero surgi\u00f3 un nuevo inconveniente<\/strong>: <strong>los gatos<\/strong>, que hab\u00edan sido introducidos para alimentarse de los conejos,<strong> se tornaron depredadores de las aves nativas<\/strong> de Macquarie, con vistas a su subsistencia. Ante el temor de que las <strong>aves<\/strong> corrieran <strong>riesgo de extinci\u00f3n, las autoridades regresaron a la isla en 1985 <\/strong>con vistas a poner en marcha un nuevo programa, esta vez de<span> <\/span><strong>erradicaci\u00f3n de gatos<\/strong><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">The cats were all killed in 2000, but myxamotosis had failed to do the same to the rabbits. Without their feline predators, the rabbit population surged anew and in just half a dozen years has inflicted enormous damage, in some places stripping the ground bare. In ecologists&#8217; terms, this is an example of \u00abtrophic cascades\u00bb &#8212; when a species&#8217; abundance is significantly reduced or increased, the change resonates along the food chain. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #333399;\">Los gatos fueron <strong>exterminados en el a\u00f1o 2000, pero la mixomatosis no hab\u00eda alcanzado el<span> <\/span>mismo resultado con los conejos<\/strong>. Sin sus felinos depredadores,<strong> la poblaci\u00f3n<\/strong> de conejos aument\u00f3 de nuevo y en tan s\u00f3lo media docena de a\u00f1os ha causado <strong>enormes da\u00f1os<\/strong>, <strong>dejando en algunos lugares el suelo remozado y desnudo<\/strong>. En t\u00e9rminos ecol\u00f3gicos, se trata de un ejemplo de \u201c<strong>cascada tr\u00f3fica<\/strong>\u00ab- Cuando la abundancia de una especie se reduce o aumenta significativamente,, una cascada de cambios afecta a toda la cadena alimentaria.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/147\/o_macquire%20Island%20Convictcreations.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"446\" height=\"334\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"longtext1\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.convictcreations.com\/animals\/environment.htm\"><span lang=\"ES\">Isla Macquire. Fuente: Environmental problems in Australia<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\" lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"MsoHyperlink\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.convictcreations.com\/animals\/environment.htm\">Paisaje y erosi\u00f3n del suelo tras la devastaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"><br \/>\n<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br \/>\n<!--[endif]--><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00abBetween 2000 and 2007 there has been widespread ecosystem devastation and decades of conservation effort compromised,\u00bb said lead author Dana Bergstrom of the Australian Antarctic Division. \u00abThe lessons for conservation agencies globally is that interventions should be comprehensive, and include risk assessments to explicitly consider and plan for indirect effects, or face substantial subsequent costs.\u00bb To fix the problems on <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Macquarie<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Island<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> will cost around 24 million Australian dollars (17 million dollars, 12.6 million euros), the authors estimate. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\">\u00ab<strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Entre 2000 y 2007 se produjo una devastaci\u00f3n generalizada de los ecosistemas, poniendo en riesgo d\u00e9cadas de esfuerzos en materia de conservaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong>\u00ab, <span style=\"color: #333399;\">de acuerdo a la autora principal del art\u00edculo; Dana Bergstrom, de la Divisi\u00f3n Australiana Ant\u00e1rtica. \u00abLas lecciones para los organismos de conservaci\u00f3n a nivel mundial resultan ser que las intervenciones deben ser amplias, e incluir expl\u00edcitamente evaluaciones de riesgo, as\u00ed como planes de posibles efectos indirectos que contemplen una evaluaci\u00f3n de los costes adicionales que se puedan derivar del programa.\u00bb<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Corregir los desastres en la isla Macquarie costar\u00e1 alrededor de 24 millones de d\u00f3lares australianos<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\"> (17 millones de d\u00f3lares, 12,6 millones de euros), los autores estiman.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Macquarie<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> is a long, narrow island 34 kilometres (21.25 miles) long by five kms (3.1 miles) wide with tundra-like vegetation that grows in its cool, maritime climate, as well as large numbers of birds, seals and penguins. The island was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1933. It was named a World Heritage Site in 1997 because it is geologically unique: it is the only place where rocks from Earth&#8217;s mantle, some six kilometers (3.75 miles) below the ocean floor, are directly exposed above sea level.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: green;\">Macquarie es <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: #3366ff;\">una isla larga y estrecha a 34 kil\u00f3metros<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;\"> <span style=\"color: #333399;\">(21.25 millas)<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">de largo por cinco kil\u00f3metros (3,1 millas) de ancho que alberga vegetaci\u00f3n de<\/span><span style=\"color: green;\"> tundra<\/span><\/strong>, bajo clima fr\u00eda y mar\u00edtimo. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">E<strong>ntre su fauna se encuentran un<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: green;\"> gran n\u00famero de aves, focas y ping\u00fcinos<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">. La isla fue declarada santuario de vida silvestre en 1933. Fue nombrada Patrimonio de la Humanidad en 1997, debido a su <\/span><span style=\"color: green;\">idiosincrasia geol\u00f3gica: \u00fanico lugar donde las rocas del manto de la Tierra<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">, a unos seis kil\u00f3metros (3.75 millas) por debajo del fondo del oc\u00e9ano, <\/span><span style=\"color: green;\">afloran sobre el nivel del mar<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Related Links: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.terradaily.com\/Flora_And_Fauna.html\"><span style=\"text-decoration: none;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Darwin Today At TerraDaily.com<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ya os hable en un par de post precedentes sobre los problemas que puede acarrear la migraci\u00f3n asistida de especies (en una vana iniciativa por paliar los efectos del calentamiento clim\u00e1tico sobre la biosfera), que no deja de ser m\u00e1s que una introducci\u00f3n deliberada de organismos vivos nuevos ambientes. El pasado ha mostrado que, con harta frecuencia, tales pr\u00e1cticas devienen en hecatombes ambientales. La ecolog\u00eda de la reconstrucci\u00f3n debe realizarse siempre que sea posible con especies nativas. La historia que os vamos a narrar hoy, extra\u00edda de otra escrita en Terradaily hace casi un a\u00f1o, resultar\u00eda hilarante, si no fuera\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[618,600,585,616],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129648"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=129648"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135253,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129648\/revisions\/135253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=129648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=129648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=129648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}