{"id":135972,"date":"2010-04-18T19:46:35","date_gmt":"2010-04-18T18:46:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/?p=135972"},"modified":"2010-04-24T18:46:51","modified_gmt":"2010-04-24T17:46:51","slug":"la-erupcion-del-volcan-eyjafjallajokull-su-seguimiento-y-posibles-consecuencias-los-anos-sin-verano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2010\/04\/18\/135972","title":{"rendered":"La Erupci\u00f3n del Volc\u00e1n Eyjafjallajokull, su Seguimiento y Posibles Consecuencias: Los A\u00f1os sin Verano"},"content":{"rendered":"

Algunos amigos me han estado preguntando por las posibles consecuencias de la erupci\u00f3n del Volc\u00e1n Eyjafjallajokull<\/strong> <\/span>hace unos d\u00edas en Islandia. Ya hemos visto que, para empezar, el serio problema generado en el tr\u00e1fico a\u00e9reo y sus consecuencias econ\u00f3micas han sido de gran calado. Sin embargo, buscando noticias, me he topado con una \u00a0que nos informa de \u201cposibles\u201d y grav\u00edsimas repercusiones<\/span><\/strong> que si podemos etiquetar como de grandes cat\u00e1strofes<\/span><\/strong>. No me gusta ser alarmista. Recordemos que la magnitud de estos episodios resultan ser tanto m\u00e1s improbables cuanto m\u00e1s graves son. No hay que ponerse en lo peor, pero tampoco olvidar lo sucedido en el pasado<\/span><\/strong>, como por ejemplo\u00a0, en los denominados \u201ca\u00f1o sin verano de 1816<\/a>\u201d y el menos conocido \u201ca\u00f1o sin verano de 1783<\/a>\u201d. Por cierto, este \u00faltimo tambi\u00e9n acaeci\u00f3 en Islandia. Hoy por hoy los cient\u00edficos no tienen posibilidad de predecir como se comportar\u00e1 el volc\u00e1n en el futuro, aunque alguno no descarta lo peor, ya sea por prudencia, ya por buscar notoriedad. \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"erupcion-del-volcan-eyjafjallajokull-fuente-reuters\"<\/p>\n

Erupci\u00f3n del Volc\u00e1n Eyjafjallajokull. Fuente: Reuters<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El Rotativo el Pa\u00eds ha publicado hoy, 18 de abril de 2010, un interesante y did\u00e1ctico art\u00edculo titulado \u201cC\u00f3mo seguir la crisis mundial del volc\u00e1n desde el sof\u00e1<\/a>\u201d, en el que se ofrecen abundantes enlaces, por lo que no abundar\u00e9 sobre el tema. Del mismo modo, una descripci\u00f3n gr\u00e1fica de c\u00f3mo la nube se esparce por Europa puede seguirse, hoy por hoy, en la siguiente p\u00e1gina Web: Atmospheric dispersal of the Icelandic volcano plume over Europe<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Todav\u00eda no esta muy claro lo que ha ocurrido, y menos a\u00fan lo que puede depararnos el futuro. Todo depende del volumen de cenizas que se inyecten a la atm\u00f3sfera, la altitud que alcancen, as\u00ed como de la propia duraci\u00f3n de la erupci\u00f3n, entre otras variables. Algunas han sobrepasado el a\u00f1o de actividad antes de que el volc\u00e1n retornara al estado de calma. Tambi\u00e9n es cierto que los procesos eruptivos (y sus repercusiones) cambian conforme el evento transcurre.<\/p>\n

En los dos primeros enlaces (al inicio del post), que proceden de Wikipedia, se analizan esos eventos enormemente catastr\u00f3ficos, temporalmente muy pr\u00f3ximos, en tiempos geol\u00f3gicos. All\u00ed podr\u00e9is leer los da\u00f1os generados, tanto por las propicias emanaciones gaseosas, como por las cenizas volc\u00e1nicas. Lamentablemente, la que nos informa de Islandia (\u201ca\u00f1o sin verano de 1783<\/a>\u201d) se encuentra escrita en el idioma del imperio, es decir en suahili<\/em>, aunque no difieren mucho en sus contenidos esenciales. Abajo os reproduzco dos noticias que he le\u00eddo hoy en Sciencedaily<\/strong>. La primera es la que realmente me ha preocupado y por la que he decidido escribir este post. Sin embargo, debo reiterar que puede deberse tanto al celo, como al af\u00e1n de notoriedad del entrevistado. El tiempo dictar\u00e1 sentencia, aunque no es cuesti\u00f3n de ponerse en lo peor, por cuanto tambi\u00e9n resulta ser lo m\u00e1s improbable. Si hablamos de salud, la distancia al incidente importa mucho. Sin embargo, estar\u00e9is mejor informados visitando el blog \u201cSalud P\u00fablica y Algo M\u00e1s\u201d (Erupciones volc\u00e1nicas y salud. Consejos para proteger su salud<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Juanjo Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Icelandic Volcanoes Can Be Unpredictable and Dangerous<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

ScienceDaily (<\/strong>Apr. 16, 2010<\/strong>)<\/strong> \u2014 If history is any indication, the erupting volcano in Iceland and its immense ash plume could intensify, says a Texas A&M University researcher who has explored Icelandic volcanoes for the past 25 years.<\/p>\n

Jay Miller, a research scientist in the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program who has made numerous trips to the region and studied there under a Fulbright grant, says the ash produced from Icelandic volcanoes can be a real killer, which is why hundreds of flights from Europe have been canceled for fear of engine trouble.<\/p>\n

\u00abWhat happens is that the magma from the volcano is around 1,200 degrees and it hits the water there, which is near freezing,\u00bb he explains. \u00abWhat is produced is a fine ash that actually has small pieces of glass in it, and it can very easily clog up a jet engine. If you were to inhale that ash, it would literally tear up your lungs.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Miller says most volcanoes in Iceland erupt only about every five years on average and are relatively mild, but history is repeating itself. Extremely large eruptions occurred there in 934 A.D. and again in 1783 that covered Europe with ash much like today.<\/p>\n

\u00abBen Franklin was ambassador to France in 1783<\/strong> and he personally witnessed the large ash clouds over Europe, and he later wrote that it was a year in which there was no summer<\/strong>,\u00bb Miller adds. \u00abThe big question now is, what happens next? It’s very possible this eruption could last for quite some time, but no one knows for sure. Volcanoes in that part of the world are very hard to predict<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Story Source: Adapted from materials provided by Texas A&M University<\/a><\/p>\n

Iceland Volcano Could Continue Erupting for More Than a Month, Researcher Says<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

ScienceDaily (Apr. 16, 2010) <\/strong>\u2014 The airspace over much of northern Europe remains shut and the Norwegian Prime Minister, Jens Stoltenberg, is stranded in New York City because of the threat from a volcanic ash plume being belched out of Iceland. How long will the eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano continue and what other kinds of activity can we expect? <\/strong>A volcanologist at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) who has worked extensively in Iceland says a month-long eruption would not be out of the question. But the eruption could also continue for a year or more, he says<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Professor Reidar Tr\u00f8nnes, who was a research scientist at the University of Iceland’s Nordic Volcanological Institute from 2000 to 2004, says as eruptions go, the Eyjafjallajokull volcano is not that large. Nevertheless, concerns about the effects of volcanic ash on jet engines led to a range of airport closures in northern Europe on Friday.<\/p>\n

Volcanic ash, which is made up of tiny glass shards that are carried aloft in a foamy mix of steam, can damage jet engines by melting right inside them and causing them to seize up. \u00ab<\/p>\n

Residents from a number of central Norwegian cities reported the smell of sulphur in the air, and some residents in northern Norway reported finding volcanic ash on their automobiles. Tr\u00f8nnes says that the ash gets shot high into the air as magma that was once deep in the Earth comes to the surface and is depressurized. Any water that has dissolved in the magma comes boiling out when the magma is no longer under pressure, much the way that CO2 bubbles out of your selzer water when the cap is removed, he says. The plume coming out of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano also contains a good deal of steam because the intensely hot magma is melting the ice cap that blankets the volcano, he adds.<\/p>\n

While the Eyjafjallajokull volcano’s eruption is highly dramatic, most volcanologists like Tr\u00f8nnes are watching the volcano’s much larger neighbour to the east, Katla. This volcano, buried under the M\u00fdrdalsj\u00f6kull glacier<\/strong>, Iceland’s fourth largest ice sheet, usually erupts twice a century, Tr\u00f8nnes says, but has erupted just once in the last 100 years — in 1918. \u00abKatla has had two large eruptions every century since Iceland was settled 1,100 years ago,\u00bb he said. \u00abIt is long overdue — or it could mean that Katla has changed its behaviour.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Tr\u00f8nnes said that a number of large volcanic eruptions over the last several decades may have helped drain the vast magma reservoirs that would feed any eruption of Katla<\/strong>. These include eruptions as far back as one that created the island of Surtsey in 1963-1967<\/strong> and one that took place on nearby Heimaey in 1973. \u00abThe fact that we have had these two large eruptions in the 1960s and 1970s may have relieved the pressure in the Katla reservoir, although this is just speculation,\u00bb he said.<\/p>\n

The Eyjafjallajokull volcano now appears to have released enough pressure that Tr\u00f8nnes does not expect any large-scale explosions, but<\/strong> the melting of the glacier caused by lava flows will continue to pose risks of potentially large and devastating floods<\/strong>, such as one that caused Icelandic officials to evacuate 800 people from their homes on Wednesday, April 14, he said.<\/p>\n

Story Source: Adapted from materials provided by The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)<\/a>, via AlphaGalileo<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Lunes 19 de Abril de 2010<\/strong><\/span>. Leer en especial la noticia del primer enlace, por si alguien tuviera dudas.<\/p>\n

DLR Scientists Investigate Gigantic Ash Cloud After Volcanic Eruption<\/a><\/p>\n

ESA Satellite Data Helping With Aviation Safety Assesments<\/a><\/p>\n

NASA PREDICE OTRA ERUPCION VOLCANICA EN ISLANDIA, SE TRATA DEL VOLCAN KATLA, DE ACUERDO A OBSERVACIONES DEL SATELITE EO-1<\/a><\/p>\n

El volc\u00e1n island\u00e9s seguir\u00e1 expulsando cenizas hacia Europa<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00abLa crisis puede ser todav\u00eda m\u00e1s grave porque nadie sabe apagar un volc\u00e1n\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n

El volc\u00e1n island\u00e9s deja de expulsar la ceniza que ha paralizado el tr\u00e1fico a\u00e9reo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Algunos amigos me han estado preguntando por las posibles consecuencias de la erupci\u00f3n del Volc\u00e1n Eyjafjallajokull hace unos d\u00edas en Islandia. Ya hemos visto que, para empezar, el serio problema generado en el tr\u00e1fico a\u00e9reo y sus consecuencias econ\u00f3micas han sido de gran calado. Sin embargo, buscando noticias, me he topado con una \u00a0que nos informa de \u201cposibles\u201d y grav\u00edsimas repercusiones que si podemos etiquetar como de grandes cat\u00e1strofes. No me gusta ser alarmista. Recordemos que la magnitud de estos episodios resultan ser tanto m\u00e1s improbables cuanto m\u00e1s graves son. No hay que ponerse en lo peor, pero tampoco olvidar\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[615,617],"tags":[1652,46704,1648],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135972"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135972"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":136045,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135972\/revisions\/136045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}