{"id":142483,"date":"2013-02-18T14:26:30","date_gmt":"2013-02-18T13:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/?p=142483"},"modified":"2013-02-18T14:26:30","modified_gmt":"2013-02-18T13:26:30","slug":"el-suelo-y-su-control-sobre-el-sistema-climatico-y-viceversa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2013\/02\/18\/142483","title":{"rendered":"El Suelo y su Control sobre el Sistema Clim\u00e1tico (y viceversa)"},"content":{"rendered":"

El reconocimiento de que sin estudiar el papel de los suelos en la biosfera resulta imposible entender, y como como corolario predecir el comportamiento del sistema clim\u00e1tico gana adeptos d\u00eda a d\u00eda en la comunidad cient\u00edfica internacional<\/strong><\/span>. Ya era hora de que los expertos se fueran quitando la venda de los ojos. El \u00fanico problema<\/strong><\/span> estriba en que\u00a0las argumentaciones que usualmente se esgrimen no dejan de ser parcas, ramplonas, incompletas y a menudo, confundentes<\/strong><\/span>. De hecho, la que ofrecemos hoy tampoco aporta nada de sustancia al debate. Existen mil y una razones<\/strong> <\/span>m\u00e1s convincentes, muchas de los cuales ya los los hemos venido analizando en los post incluidos en nuestra categor\u00eda \u201csuelos y cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/a>\u201d. Obviamente seguiremos reincidiendo sobre el tema. Eso si, intentamos soslayar repetir ad nausean<\/em> las manidas y paup\u00e9rrimas desideratas vertidas por una buena parte del establishment<\/a>. F\u00edjense de momento en la primera foto que incluimos al pie de esta p\u00e1rrafo<\/strong><\/span>. En ella se identifican los factores<\/strong> <\/span>(recursos) que afectan al sistema clim\u00e1tico<\/strong><\/span>. Ahora comparen estos con los denominados<\/strong><\/span> factores formadores del suelo<\/a>. Como podr\u00e1n observar, existen unas equivalencias manifiestas<\/strong><\/span>. Alguien podr\u00eda esgrimir que entre los \u00faltimos se \u00a0observa la ausencia de la cri\u00f3sfera<\/a>. Ahora bien, al parecer nadie tuvo en cuenta las enormes extensiones cubiertas por esos suelos helados a los que llamamos Gelisoles o Criosoles<\/a>, de los ya hemos\u00a0hablado largo y tendido. Seguramente, todos los expertos en suelos polares defender\u00edan su inclusi\u00f3n, opini\u00f3n que comparto. Pues bien, si los agentes que gobiernan el sistema clim\u00e1tico resultan ser los mismos que los factores formadores del suelo, \u00bfcomo podemos negar la estrecha relaci\u00f3n entre la biosfera y el clima?. Obviamente existen muchos m\u00e1s argumentos<\/strong>. Valga este como uno de naturaleza conceptual, que evite<\/strong> <\/span>entrar en espurias las guerras de cifras, aunque de cualquier forma tambi\u00e9n terminar\u00eda\u00a0por\u00a0reconocer el papel de la edafosfera en el tema que hoy nos incumbe. Una aceptaci\u00f3n total por la comunidad cient\u00edfica del rol de la edafosfera en el<\/strong> sistema biogeosf\u00e9rico<\/strong> (mejor que clim\u00e1tico<\/strong>) tan solo resulta ser una cuesti\u00f3n de\u00a0tiempo<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n

Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"suelos-y-sistema-climatico\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Suelos y Sistema Clim\u00e1tico. Fuente: Ecology: The Science Behind Environmental Issues. N\u00f3tese como los factores que condicionan el clima corresponden con los mismos que denominamos factores formadores del Suelo<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Studying Soil to Predict the Future of Earth’s Atmosphere<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n

ScienceDaily (June 15, 2012)<\/em><\/strong> \u2014 When it comes to understanding climate change, it’s all about the dirt. A new study<\/strong> by researchers at BYU, Duke and the USDA finds that soil plays an important role in controlling the<\/strong> planet’s atmospheric future.<\/p>\n

The researchers set out to find how intact ecosystems are responding to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere<\/strong>. Earth’s current atmospheric carbon dioxide is 390 parts per million, up from 260 parts per million at the start of the industrial revolution, and will likely rise to more than 500 parts per million in the coming decades.<\/p>\n

What they found, published in the current issue of Nature Climate Change<\/em><\/strong>, is that the interaction between plants and soils controls how ecosystems respond to rising levels of CO2<\/sub> in the atmosphere<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00abAs we forecast what the future is going to look like, with the way we’ve changed the global atmosphere, often times we overlook soil<\/strong>,\u00bb said BYU biology professor Richard Gill, a coauthor on the study. \u00abThe soils matter enormously and the feedbacks that occur in the soil are ultimately going to control the atmosphere<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n

The research shows that even in the absence of climate change, humans are impacting vital ecosystems as the composition of Earth’s atmosphere changes<\/strong>. They observed that changes in atmospheric CO2<\/sub> caused changes in plant species composition and the availability of water and nitrogen.<\/p>\n

Researchers worry that if the ability of plants and soils to absorb carbon becomes saturated over time then CO2<\/sub> in the atmosphere<\/strong> will increase much more quickly than it has in the past.<\/p>\n

\u00abWe don’t just have to be concerned about climate change, we have to be concerned about the other changes in atmospheric chemistry<\/strong>,\u00bb Gill said. \u00abGlobally we’re changing the Earth’s atmosphere and we know that is going to influence the systems we depend on. To forecast those changes, you have to understand deeply what is happening in soils<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n

The BYU-Duke team has been studying the effects of increased carbon dioxide in soils for the last 12 years.<\/p>\n

Gill’s particular role in the ongoing research is to monitor and measure the changes in the nitrogen cycle and carbon dynamics due to atmospheric CO2<\/sub><\/strong>. To do this, Gill brings soil samples from a Texas research site back to his BYU lab and does laboratory chemistry on the soil.<\/p>\n

Naturally, when a plant dies the nitrogen in that plant is reabsorbed back into the soil<\/strong>. Gill is finding that increased CO2<\/sub> may help plants grow well at first, but it causes the nitrogen to be tied up in \u00abplant litter\u00bb and microbes that usually chew it up and release it back into the soil are struggling to do so<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00abThe big takeaway is that humanity is changing the Earth’s atmosphere; we’ve increased atmospheric CO2<\/sub> by almost 50 percent since the industrial revolution and these changes have cascading effects in both natural and managed systems,\u00bb Gill said. \u00abWhether those are changes in how plants use water or changes in soil fertility, these are byproducts of the choices we make.\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Philip A. Fay, a research ecologist with the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, was the lead author on the study.<\/p>\n

Story Source<\/span>: <\/strong>The above story is reprinted from materials<\/a> provided by Brigham Young University<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.<\/em><\/p>\n

Journal Reference<\/strong><\/span>: Philip A. Fay, Virginia L. Jin, Danielle A. Way, Kenneth N. Potter, Richard A. Gill, Robert B. Jackson, H. Wayne Polley. Soil-mediated effects of subambient to increased carbon dioxide on grassland productivity<\/strong>. Nature Climate Change<\/em>, 2012; DOI: 10.1038\/nclimate1573<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El reconocimiento de que sin estudiar el papel de los suelos en la biosfera resulta imposible entender, y como como corolario predecir el comportamiento del sistema clim\u00e1tico gana adeptos d\u00eda a d\u00eda en la comunidad cient\u00edfica internacional. Ya era hora de que los expertos se fueran quitando la venda de los ojos. El \u00fanico problema estriba en que\u00a0las argumentaciones que usualmente se esgrimen no dejan de ser parcas, ramplonas, incompletas y a menudo, confundentes. De hecho, la que ofrecemos hoy tampoco aporta nada de sustancia al debate. Existen mil y una razones m\u00e1s convincentes, muchas de los cuales ya los\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,608,618,588,607,595,611],"tags":[2306,46952,46676],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142483"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":143789,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142483\/revisions\/143789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=142483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=142483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}