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Mapa de la Erosi\u00f3n del Suelo por Viento en EE.UU. Fuente: Problem of Wind Erosion<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n En una entrevista para <\/span>ScienceDaily<\/span><\/a> ,el edaf\u00f3logo norteamericano Nick Comerford, ofrece una <\/span>valoraci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica de la p\u00e9rdida de recursos ed\u00e1ficos en USA<\/strong><\/span>. Seg\u00fan este experto, tal proceso viene a costar aproximadamente <\/span>44 billones anuales de d\u00f3lares<\/strong><\/span> (recordar que un bill\u00f3n de d\u00f3lares suele equivaler a los mil millones en lengua espa\u00f1ola, <\/span>los conocidos millardos<\/span><\/a> que a\u00fan desconocen numerosos periodistas) es decir <\/span>44.000 millones de d\u00f3lares al a\u00f1o<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. Se trata del precio asignado (seg\u00fan una determinada metodolog\u00eda, que desconozco) a la <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>erosi\u00f3n del suelo<\/strong><\/span> de 1,7 millardos o <\/span>1.700 millones de en cada ciclo anual<\/strong><\/span>. Maticemos que en estos datos se incluye la <\/span>subsidencia de suelos<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0org\u00e1nicos o turberas<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>La buena noticia, seg\u00fan el mentado investigador deviene que <\/span>las pr\u00e1cticas de conservaci\u00f3n de suelos llevadas a cabo durante los \u00faltimos 25 a\u00f1os han recudido la p\u00e9rdida de suelos aproximadamente\u00a0 en un 40%\u00a0del mentado pa\u00eds<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. Seguidamente Comerford nos vuelve a espetar la desiderata de siempre, archiconocida por los lectores de esta bit\u00e1cora. Cabe recordar aqu\u00ed, que seg\u00fan la <\/span>Uni\u00f3n Europea, <\/span><\/span><\/strong>la degradaci\u00f3n y p\u00e9rdida de los suelos en Europa cuestan a esta mancomunidad de pa\u00edses unos 38 billones de Euros<\/span><\/a> (esta vez s\u00ed que bill\u00f3n\u00a0 podr\u00eda\u00a0entenderse como bill\u00f3n, aunque cuesta creerlo). Obviamente ambos c\u00e1lculos son distintos por ya que en USA tan solo hablan de erosi\u00f3n y en Europa de erosi\u00f3n, sellado y degradaci\u00f3n. La cifra europea resulta ser pues muy superior a la de USA, a no ser que la noticia fuera destinada para ser consumida en EE.UU. (entendiendo mil millones por bill\u00f3n), en cuyo caso resultar\u00edan ser semejantes.<\/span><\/p>\n En cualquier caso, <\/span>este tipo de valoraciones econ\u00f3micas me generan bastantes dudas. \u00a0Por un lado conviene que el ciudadano tome conciencia de<\/strong><\/span> la dimensi\u00f3n del problema y otra bien distinta creerse que las cifras publicadas corresponden a c\u00e1lculos fidedignos. Por mi actividad laboral y profesi\u00f3n, hoy por hoy, no dispongo del tiempo necesario para cotejar bibliograf\u00eda y elaborar unos c\u00e1lculos m\u00e1s cr\u00edticos. <\/span>Ahora bien, personalmente tengo la impresi\u00f3n de que sumamos las cifras publicadas acerca de las p\u00e9rdidas \u00a0econ\u00f3micas inducidas por el calentamiento clim\u00e1tico, erosi\u00f3n de la biodiversidad, desastres naturales, contaminaci\u00f3n del aire, efecto sobre la salud de la degradaci\u00f3n ambiental, etc. etc. podr\u00edamos alcanzar\u00a0cifras que superen ampliamente el P.I.B. Global<\/strong><\/span>. Siempre se podr\u00e1 objet\u00e1rseme que unos datos solapan con otros, ya que, por poner un ejemplo, los desastres naturales inducen p\u00e9rdida de suelos por avalanchas, deslizamientos,\u00a0 etc. Dicho de otro modo<\/span>, una cifra global del deterioro o perdida de los recursos naturales no podr\u00eda obtenerse mediante un mero proceso aditivo de las cifras publicadas<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. Tambi\u00e9n seamos conscientes que los expertos de una determinada disciplina, ayudados, por una prensa que lo infla todo (m\u00e1s que la superinflaci\u00f3n c\u00f3smica), <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>a menudo nos colocan ante el peor de los escenarios, omitiendo estos \u201cmin\u00fasculos detalles\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n No dudo de que la humanidad se encuentra dilapidando desenfrenadamente el capital que significan los recursos naturales del Planeta<\/strong><\/span>. Por lo tanto, si la ciudadan\u00eda y pol\u00edticos se encontraran debidamente informados tales c\u00e1lculos ser\u00edan a todas luces innecesarios. Sin embargo, distamos mucho de encontrarnos ante este id\u00edlico \u201cescenario\u201d. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Vivimos en una econom\u00eda de mercado en donde la \u201cpasta\u201d rige el presente de la sociedad, por lo cual, y para nuestra desgracia, hay que impactar y sensibilizar la opini\u00f3n de unos y de otros apelando a su \u201cpresunto\u201d valor monetario<\/strong><\/span>. Francamente no me creo tales cifras, ni por altas ni por bajas, sino sosteniendo\u00a0que valor de los recursos naturales es sencillamente incalculable, debido a que no disponemos de nuevos inventarios, y mil asuntos m\u00e1s que lo impiden. Cada cual que piense lo que quiera. Os dejo pues con la noticia (\u2026)<\/span><\/p>\n Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/span><\/p>\n Where has all the soil gone? Focusing on soil loss <\/span>important to researchers<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Date: <\/em><\/strong>June 18, 2014<\/p>\n Source: <\/em><\/strong>American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA)<\/p>\n Summary: <\/em><\/strong>During these times of high drought and potential dust storms (or torrential rain and flash flooding), focusing on soil loss is important. Soil erosion is expensive. It costs the United States about $44 billion per year<\/strong>. Preventing erosion means taking care of the soil. That means protecting it with mulch and plants, not plowing on steep slopes, and maximizing the amount of water that enters the soil while minimizing the water that runs over the soil<\/p>\n This concrete post was driven to bedrock in 1924 in the Everglades by University of Florida staff. The soil has subsided more than 6 feet in 90 years. Luckily, the rate of soil loss has been cut in 1\/2 due to best management practices.<\/p>\n Credit: Ramesh Reddy, University of Florida<\/em><\/p>\n You may hear the phrase: \u00abWe are losing our soil<\/strong>.\u00bb Sounds serious\u2026but how do we lose soil?<\/strong> Nick Comerford, a member of the Soil Science Society of America<\/strong> (SSSA) and professor at the University of Florida, provides the answer.<\/p>\n Soil erosion is the movement of soil by wind or water, and it’s through erosion that soil is \u00ablost.\u00bb If it is an organic soil, we also lose it by subsidence which happens when an organic soil is drained and its organic matter decomposes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n We lose about 1.7 billion tons of soil per year from just our cropland. That is a lot, but it’s better than it used to be. Over the past 25 years we have reduced soil erosion by over 40%<\/strong>, mainly by conservation practices such as conservation tillage, terracing, cover crops, and grass waterways<\/strong>. It can take roughly 500 to 1000 years to form one inch of soil, depending on the climate and the material from which soil forms.<\/p>\n With that in mind it is not hard to see that soil is a non-renewable resource and worth protecting. Since the soil is the source of water and nutrients for plants as well as a bioreactor to purify and filter water, it is crucial to our quality of life<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Soil erosion occurs<\/strong> when the soil is not protected from the elements. Remove the plants and mulch from mineral soil and things start to happen. Raindrops can break apart the soil making it easier to move it by wind and water. The water’s ability to enter the soil is reduced and more water now can flow over the top of the so<\/strong>il. Unfortunately, water is powerful and can carry away soil particles if it flows overland. Since water flows downhill, that’s where the soil goes once water erosion begins.<\/p>\n Where does the soil end up? It might end up at the bottom of a hill, or it might end up in a river or stream or in the ocean, or it might end up in a reservoir<\/strong>. If the soil ends up in reservoir, it limits the space for water and has to be removed by a very expensive process called dredging. If the soil dries out while it is unprotected, then wind can pick it up and move it downwind<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Organic soils can be drained. When drained, they decompose and this is called subsidence<\/strong>. In the Everglades area of Florida where soils have been drained for agriculture, organic soils have lost as much as five feet or more of their organic matter<\/strong>. Organic soils are preserved by not draining them. Letting them stay saturated with water allows them to continue to build over time.<\/strong><\/p>\n Soil erosion is expensive. It costs the United States about $44 billion per year<\/strong>. Preventing erosion means taking care of the soil. That means protecting it with mulch and plants, not plowing on steep slopes, and maximizing the amount of water that enters the soil while minimizing the water that runs over the soil.<\/p>\n Story Source: <\/strong>The above story is based on materials<\/a> provided by American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA)<\/strong><\/a>. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.<\/em><\/p>\n Cite This Page<\/strong>: American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA). \u00abWhere has all the soil gone? Focusing on soil loss important to researchers<\/strong>.\u00bb ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 18 June 2014. <www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/06\/140618163922.htm>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mapa de la Erosi\u00f3n del Suelo por Viento en EE.UU. Fuente: Problem of Wind Erosion En una entrevista para ScienceDaily ,el edaf\u00f3logo norteamericano Nick Comerford, ofrece una valoraci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica de la p\u00e9rdida de recursos ed\u00e1ficos en USA. Seg\u00fan este experto, tal proceso viene a costar aproximadamente 44 billones anuales de d\u00f3lares (recordar que un bill\u00f3n de d\u00f3lares suele equivaler a los mil millones en lengua espa\u00f1ola, los conocidos millardos que a\u00fan desconocen numerosos periodistas) es decir 44.000 millones de d\u00f3lares al a\u00f1o. Se trata del precio asignado (seg\u00fan una determinada metodolog\u00eda, que desconozco) a la \u00a0erosi\u00f3n del suelo de 1,7\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[594,612,593,585],"tags":[28001,2518,46666,28002],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145787"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145787"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":146816,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145787\/revisions\/146816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}