{"id":146514,"date":"2015-08-05T13:28:24","date_gmt":"2015-08-05T12:28:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/?p=146514"},"modified":"2015-08-05T13:28:24","modified_gmt":"2015-08-05T12:28:24","slug":"antibioticos-del-suelo-y-diversidad-de-los-ecosistemas-forestales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2015\/08\/05\/146514","title":{"rendered":"Antibi\u00f3ticos del Suelo y Diversidad de los Ecosistemas Forestales"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ngg-singlepic ngg-center\" style=\"width: 451px; height: 273px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/estreptomicetos-harvard-magazine.jpg\" alt=\"estreptomicetos-harvard-magazine\" width=\"401\" height=\"248\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/harvardmagazine.com\/2007\/11\/the-undiscovered-planet.html\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Estreptomicetos. Fuente Harvard Magazine<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>In memorian de Luis Recatal\u00e1 Boix, profesor del Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal de la Universidad de Valencia y miembro del CIDE-CSIC, pero sobre todo un gran profesional y buena persona (que es lo que realmente importa)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>La producci\u00f3n de diversos antibi\u00f3ticos por las bacterias del suelo pueden ser uno de los factores que regulan la diversidad y composici\u00f3n de \u00a0los ecosistemas forestales tropicales<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. Esta es la principal conclusi\u00f3n que se desprende de la noticia cient\u00edfica que os ofrecemos hoy, si bien la investigaci\u00f3n llevada a cabo se circunscribe al grupo de los <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streptomyces\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">estreptomicetos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. De acuerdo al estudio\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>Los estreptomices dan cuenta de diversas bacterias del suelo muy conocidas por su prol\u00edfica producci\u00f3n de antibi\u00f3ticos<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. Los antibi\u00f3ticos pueden inhibir el crecimiento de diversos pat\u00f3genos de las plantas que habitan en el medio ed\u00e1fico. Las bacterias productoras de antibi\u00f3ticos en el <\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">suelo son la fuente de muchos de los antibi\u00f3ticos utilizados para combatir infecciones en los seres humanos y las plantas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. Sorprendentemente, <\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>poco<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> es lo que <\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>se sabe<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> acerca <\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>de <\/strong><strong>c\u00f3mo estos microorganismos afectan \u00a0a las comunidades y los ecosistemas <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">tropicales, donde la diversidad de plantas, se enfrentan tanto a las presiones de la competencia interespec\u00edfica y de los pat\u00f3genos que las infectan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">El\u00a0estudio publicado el 28 de octubre en la revista Biotropica representa un paso adelante para una mejor comprensi\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n que desempe\u00f1an las bacterias y los antibi\u00f3ticos que las producen en la ecolog\u00eda de los bosques tropicales. Investigadores de la Universidad de Minnesota, <\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>encontraron que la producci\u00f3n de antibi\u00f3ticos por bacterias del suelo estaba muy extendida, pero que la abundancia y la actividad de los microorganismos variaban en el paisaje, dependiendo, en parte, de la disponibilidad de nutrientes<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Los resultados obtenidos sugieren diferencias sustanciales en las capacidades de las comunidades microbianas con vistas a suprimir las enfermedades transmitidas en los suelos de los bosques tropicales (\u2026) aunque todo apunta a que estos productos antimicrobianos pueden estar influyendo en la diversidad de los bosques comentados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Las diferencias en las capacidades de las comunidades microbianas para suprimir las enfermedades transmitidas a trav\u00e9s del medio ed\u00e1fico en los bosques tropicales <\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">podr\u00eda afectar la propia composici\u00f3n flor\u00edstica de estas selvas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. Se sospecha que los antibi\u00f3ticos act\u00faan como armas que permiten a ciertas especies microbianas a aniquilar a sus competidores, incluidos los que atesoran\u00a0un potencial patog\u00e9nico para el mundo vegetal. Tal proceso puede conducir a la disminuci\u00f3n de las poblaciones de los pat\u00f3genos de las plantas e incluso llegar a producir lo que se denominan <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2007\/02\/08\/58903\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">suelos supresivos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">, en los que\u00a0tales enfermedades no prosperan. Debido a que diferentes plantas son susceptibles a distintos pat\u00f3genos y enfermedades, la variaci\u00f3n en la abundancia, eficacia y especificidad de los antibi\u00f3ticos microbianos secretados adquieren el potencial de afectar, no s\u00f3lo a las\u00a0enfermedades vegetales, y como corolario a su correspondiente productividad, sino tambi\u00e9n a la propia\u00a0composici\u00f3n de las especies de arb\u00f3reas de los bosques. <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00abEste estudio puede considerarse un primer paso a<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">la hora de abrir un camino que nos permita entender el papel de las microorganismos en los suelos forestales tropicales (\u2026)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y yo me pregunto<\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: \u00bf<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Y por qu\u00e9 no en otro tipo de ecosistemas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">?. Abajo os dejo la noticia original en Suajili. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><!--more--><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Variation in antibiotic bacteria in tropical forest soils may play a role in diversity<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Date: <\/em><\/strong>October 28, 2014; <strong><em>Source: <\/em><\/strong>University of Minnesota<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Summary: <\/em><\/strong>Variation in antibiotic-producing microbes in tropical forest soils has been discovered by scientists, who not that this research represents a step toward better understanding of the role they play in diversity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Share This<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">h<\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">ttp:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Streptomyces are diverse soil bacteria known for their prolific production of antibiotics<\/strong>. <strong>Antibiotics can inhibit the growth of diverse plant pathogens in soil. <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Each clear area is the \u201ckill zone\u201d of an antibiotic-producing Streptomyces colony against the specified pathogen target<\/span>, which has been spread over the surface of the growth medium<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Streptomyces are diverse soil bacteria known for their prolific production of antibiotics. Antibiotics can inhibit the growth of diverse plant pathogens in soil. Each clear area is the \u201ckill zone\u201d of an antibiotic-producing Streptomyces colony (which can be seen in the center) against the specified pathogen target, which has been spread over the surface of the growth medium.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"right\"><strong>Antibiotic-producing bacteria in soil are<\/strong> the source of many antibiotics used to combat diseases in humans and plants. But, <strong>surprisingly little is known about how these microbes impact tropical plant communities and ecosystems, where plant diversity, competition, and pathogen pressures are high<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A study published October 28 in <strong>the journal <em>Biotropica<\/em><\/strong> represents a step toward <strong>a better understanding of the role antibiotic-bacteria play in the ecology of tropical forests<\/strong>. University of Minnesota researchers, led by Kristen Becklund, found that <strong>antibiotic production by soil bacteria was widespread, but that the abundance and activity of the microbes varied across the landscape depending, in part, on nutrient availability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00abOur results suggest <strong>substantial differences in the capacities of microbial communities to suppress soil-borne diseases in tropical forests<\/strong>,\u00bb says Becklund. \u00abThe fact that we are seeing all this variation is exciting because it means that these <strong>bacteria may be influencing diversity in tropical forests<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Differences in the capacities of microbial communities to suppress soil-borne diseases in tropical forests could impact the composition of the forest itself<\/strong>. Antibiotics in soil are believed to act as weapons that allow microbes to kill their competitors, including pathogens. <strong>This antibiotic inhibition can lead to declines in populations of plant pathogens and can even result in the development of disease-suppressive soils<\/strong>. <strong>Because different plants are susceptible to different pathogens and diseases, variation in the abundance, effectiveness and specificity of microbially-produced antibiotics has the potential to influence not only plant disease and productivity, but also the composition of tree species in the forest<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00abThis study is an initial first step to open the black box of microbial community function in tropical forest soils,\u00bb says Powers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Future studies will focus on the causes of the variation in density and activity and the potential consequences for tropical forest communities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Story Source:<\/strong>The above story is based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbs.umn.edu\/blogs\/cbs-connect\/variation-antibiotic-bacteria\" target=\"_blank\">materials<\/a> provided by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.umn.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>University of Minnesota<\/strong><\/a>. <em>Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Cite This Page<\/strong>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm#citation_mla\"><strong>MLA<\/strong><\/a><strong>, <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm#citation_apa\"><strong>APA<\/strong><\/a><strong>, <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm#citation_chicago\"><strong>Chicago<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">University of Minnesota. \u00abVariation in antibiotic bacteria in tropical forest soils may play a role in diversity.\u00bb ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 28 October 2014. &lt;www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2014\/10\/141028082642.htm&gt;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Related Articles: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/s\/soil_science.htm\">Soil science<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/b\/biodiversity.htm\">Biodiversity<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/o\/origin_of_life.htm\">Origin of life<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/o\/old_growth_forest.htm\">Old growth forest<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/h\/heritability.htm\">Heritability<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/articles\/f\/forest.htm\">Forest<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estreptomicetos. Fuente Harvard Magazine In memorian de Luis Recatal\u00e1 Boix, profesor del Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal de la Universidad de Valencia y miembro del CIDE-CSIC, pero sobre todo un gran profesional y buena persona (que es lo que realmente importa) La producci\u00f3n de diversos antibi\u00f3ticos por las bacterias del suelo pueden ser uno de los factores que regulan la diversidad y composici\u00f3n de \u00a0los ecosistemas forestales tropicales. Esta es la principal conclusi\u00f3n que se desprende de la noticia cient\u00edfica que os ofrecemos hoy, si bien la investigaci\u00f3n llevada a cabo se circunscribe al grupo de los estreptomicetos. De acuerdo al\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,590,586,618,600],"tags":[46655,46737,47689,47690,47688,46676],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146514"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146514"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146514\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":147206,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146514\/revisions\/147206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=146514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=146514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}