![\"jardines-urbanos-emiten-co2-y-suelos-contaminados\"](\"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/804\/jardines-urbanos-emiten-co2-y-suelos-contaminados.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Fuente: colaje de google im\u00e1genes<\/span><\/p>\n Si como algunos investigadores comentan, <\/span>la respiraci\u00f3n del suelo es un indicador de su resiliencia,<\/span><\/a> ahora <\/span>resultar\u00eda que<\/span><\/strong> los suelos urbanos lo son, mucho m\u00e1s que los naturales<\/span><\/strong>. No me parece obvio, por tanto, utilizar respiraci\u00f3n como s\u00edntoma de resiliencia, al menos por si sola<\/span><\/strong>. Hoy analizaremos dos notas de prensa derivadas de otros tantos art\u00edculos de investigaci\u00f3n. La primera nos advierte que la respiraci\u00f3n de los <\/strong><\/span><\/span>suelos urbanos<\/span><\/a><\/strong> puede alcanzar en algunas ciudades, como es el caso de Boston, el 72% del CO2 emitido por los propios combustibles f\u00f3siles<\/strong><\/span>, hecho que no deja de ser tan sorprendente como interesante. Y tales fuentes de CO2 parecen doblar la de los suelos rurales<\/span>, por lo que de hecho comienzan a ser motivo de preocupaci\u00f3n a la hora de mitigar el calentamiento clim\u00e1tico<\/strong><\/span>. Seg\u00fan el estudio, los altos contenidos en materia org\u00e1nica, el espesor del mantillo, y la raz\u00f3n carbono\/nitr\u00f3geno se encontraban en estos ambientes urbanos\/periurbanos<\/strong> <\/span>positivamente correlacionados con la respiraci\u00f3n del suelo, es decir el CO2 que emiten a la atm\u00f3sfera. Refiri\u00e9ndose a los jardines dom\u00e9sticos<\/span> <\/strong>o a las zonas ajardinadas<\/strong><\/span>, los investigadores que llevaron a cabo este estudio advierten de que, cuando los propietarios y jardineros a\u00f1aden enmiendas org\u00e1nicas, a los suelos mentados con vistas a que sus c\u00e9spedes crezcan con vigor ofrecen sabroso alimento, rico en nutrientes, a los microrganismos del suelo y, como resultado, estimulan su crecimiento, pero tambi\u00e9n las emisiones de anh\u00eddrido carb\u00f3nico a la atm\u00f3sfera<\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0 M\u00e1s concretamente, en la ciudad de Boston, detallan que, alrededor del 64 por ciento de los propietarios de viviendas fertilizan el c\u00e9sped, el 37 por ciento el uso de compost o abono org\u00e1nico, y el 90 por ciento utiliza \u00abenmiendas\u00bb org\u00e1nicas del tipo de los <\/span>mulching (acolchado)<\/span><\/a>. Todas estas \u00abopciones, principalmente llevadas a cabo en los espacios verdes, p\u00fablicos o privados,\u00a0 se traducen en adiciones de carbono al suelo, promoviendo, como ya hemos comentado, las emisiones de CO2<\/span><\/strong>. No obstante, los doseles de los arboles contrarrestan \u00aben parte\u00bb este proceso al absorberlo. <\/span><\/p>\n De ser cierto, resultar\u00eda parad\u00f3jico, crear zonas verdes en las ciudades con vistas a que sean m\u00e1s sostenibles ambientalmente, cuando en realidad tal iniciativa podr\u00eda generar efectos de retroalimentaci\u00f3n positiva sobre el calentamiento clim\u00e1tico<\/strong><\/span>. Resumiendo, \u00a1no hay forma de aclararse! \u00bfQu\u00e9 debemos fomentar: asfalto, tierra yerma o zonas verdes?<\/strong><\/span>. Para aquellos que defienden que la respiraci\u00f3n es un indicador de la resiliencia del suelo, lo l\u00f3gico ser\u00eda que sustituy\u00e9ramos muchos espacios geogr\u00e1ficos bald\u00edos por vertederos, ya que estos si emiten CO2, metano y otros gases de invernadero en enormes cantidades. \u00a1Sin comentarios!. Eso si, los <\/span>suelos urbanos suelen estar muy contaminados<\/span><\/a>, como ya os hemos reiterado en varias ocasiones. Empero, tengamos tambi\u00e9n en cuenta que <\/span>las urbes siguen creciendo en detrimento de los paisajes agrarios y naturales<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0 \u00bfM\u00e1s Co2?<\/span><\/p>\n La segunda noticia nos informa de los esfuerzos de las autoridades y\u00a0vecinos de ciudad de<\/strong> <\/span><\/span>Detroit, cuya econom\u00eda se derrumb\u00f3 (de hecho se encuentra en bancarrota) como consecuencia de<\/span><\/a> la decadencia de la industria automovil\u00edstica anta\u00f1o, santo y se\u00f1a de esta ciudad. Por tanto, esta ciudad se encuentra sufriendo una enorme crisis<\/strong> <\/span>acompa\u00f1ada de <\/span>un proceso de des-urbanizaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/a>\u00a0y \u00e9xodo al medio rural. Pues bien, de acuerdo a los investigadores que llevaron a cabo el segundo estudio, entre las herencias de su anhelada edad de oro industrial, se encuentran suelos fuertemente contaminados, lo cual dificulta e incluso impide en ocasiones la regeneraci\u00f3n de las infraestructuras verdes de la urbe<\/strong><\/span>.\u00a0 En sus propias palabras: \u201chistoria de la industrializaci\u00f3n y la urbanizaci\u00f3n de Chicago dej\u00f3 su marca en el suelo. El medio ed\u00e1fico act\u00faa como una esponja, llegando a albergar contaminantes durante muchos a\u00f1os. En Chicago<\/span><\/strong>, los residuos procedentes de la fabricaci\u00f3n industrial han inducido la acumulaci\u00f3n de los productos qu\u00edmico-org\u00e1nicos indeseablemente t\u00f3xicos, metales pesados y otras sustancias persistentes. Tal hecho plantea serios problemas para la salud humana, animal y vegetal<\/em>. \u00a1En fin!: \u00ablo que no mata engorda\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n Como puede observarse, generar ciudades verdes sostenibles, resulta ser una terea bastante m\u00e1s compleja de lo que usualmente pensamos. Vivimos en una sociedad enferma y como todos sab\u00e9is<\/span><\/strong>: \u201c<\/span>a perro flaco todo son pulgas<\/span><\/a>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n Os dejo con las noticias mentadas…….<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Urban soil emits a surprising amount of CO2<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n By Suzanne Jacobs<\/a> on 23 Feb 2016 39 comments<\/a><\/p>\n Watch out, fossil fuels. There\u2019s another CO2 emitter in town, and she\u2019s been letting you take all the heat for\u00a0greenhouse gases<\/strong>.<\/p>\n A\u00a0new study<\/a> published in the journal Environmental Pollution<\/em>\u00a0shows\u00a0that urban soil can emit up to 72 percent as much CO2 as fossil fuels burned within a city and\u00a0at a rate of\u00a0up to twice that of\u00a0rural soils<\/strong>. And this is important<\/strong>, the researchers note, because most climate action plans only account for anthropogenic sources of CO2 like cars and buildings, not the <\/strong>seemingly innocent\u00a0biological sources like dirt<\/strong>.<\/p>\n The study focused on Boston<\/strong> (cue someone from New York talking shit about Boston\u2019s dirt), where researchers picked\u00a015 sites stretching from the city\u2019s downtown area to its\u00a0outer suburbs. At each site, they took measurements from\u00a0forest<\/strong>, lawn, and landscaped soil every two weeks<\/strong> between May and November of 2014\u00a0\u2014 not only of\u00a0CO2 emissions, but\u00a0also of things like soil moisture, soil acidity, and air temperature<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u00a0By the end of the study, they found <\/strong>that forested areas emitted the least amount of CO2<\/strong>, and\u00a0landscaped\u00a0areas \u2014 <\/strong>those defined by\u00a0the\u00a0shrubs, flowers, and trees that we humans like to arrange in unnaturally organized patterns<\/strong> \u2014 emitted the most<\/strong>. Lawns fell somewhere in between\u00a0like\u00a0the boring swaths<\/a> of wasted space<\/a> that they are.<\/p>\n Fortunately, the city\u2019s 26 percent tree canopy cover probably compensates for a lot of these emissions<\/strong> through photosynthesis, the researchers note. But out in the residential areas<\/strong> of greater Boston, where canopy cover is more scarce, that might not be the case<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Crucially, the researchers found that high organic matter concentration, leaf litter depth, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios were all positively correlated with high emissions, indicating\u00a0that the more we \u201cmanage\u201d the land, the more CO2 it emits<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u201cWhen people mulch their landscaped areas or fertilize their lawns, they\u2019re putting out yummy fresh highly decomposable carbon that soil microbes can use. \u2026\u00a0And that\u2019s stimulating microbial growth and loss of CO2 out of these urban soils<\/strong>,\u201d\u00a0Pamela Templer, a biology professor at Boston University and one of the study\u2019s coauthors, said in a\u00a0press release<\/a>.<\/p>\n According to\u00a0a survey of Massachusetts residents, about\u00a064 percent of residential landowners fertilize their lawns, 37 percent use\u00a0compost or organic fertilizer, and 90 percent use\u00a0organic \u201camendments\u201d like\u00a0mulch. All of these \u201cresidential management choices\u201d add carbon to the soil and thus promote the microbial activity\u00a0responsible for emissions<\/strong>, Templer and her colleagues report.<\/p>\n So basically, even this supposedly non-anthropogenic source of CO2 is\u00a0actually kind of an anthropogenic source of CO2. The more we prune and beautify the landscape, the more it emits. And the more we cut down on canopy cover in favor of wastelands<\/strong> like this<\/a>, the\u00a0more those emissions matter<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Still, the researchers aren\u2019t saying that we should stop landscaping and let nature run wild, just that we should be sure to account for these emissions when we make\u00a0our climate action plans. That said, it wouldn\u2019t hurt to reassess our obsession with lawns and gardens and clear-cut suburban streets. Most of it looks terrible, and forests are objectively<\/strong> awesome<\/a>.<\/p>\n Repurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test<\/strong><\/p>\n Date: <\/strong>February 10, 2016; Source: <\/strong>American Society of Agronomy<\/p>\n Summary: <\/strong>Chicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years. In Chicago, the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. A non-profit youth development center hopes to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges. <\/strong>However, the most incriminating evidence of the past lies beneath the surface, in the soil<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Chicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil<\/strong>. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years<\/strong>. In Chicago, <\/strong>the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. This can pose problems for the health of the humans and plants that inhabit the land years later<\/strong>.<\/p>\n The four empty lots are owned by the Gary Comer Center, a non-profit youth development center in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood. The Comer Center’s long-term hope is to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u00abThey are going to need some serious TLC to bring them back,\u00bb says urban soil<\/strong> scientist James Montgomery.<\/p>\n Montgomery is an associate professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Studies at DePaul University. He and his team trained a group of undergraduate students from DePaul to test the soil on the lots in collaboration with the Comer Center. The soils are all in poor shape. They have a high alkaline level, and contain chemical and lead levels above the amount recommended by the EPA<\/strong>.<\/p>\n To Montgomery, this isn’t a hopeless case: \u00abWe want to work with the Comer Center and help them realize their vision for using these lots, whatever that might be,\u00bb he says.<\/p>\n The Comer Center’s eventual goal, whether it’s the installation of urban gardens, parks, or buildings, will dictate how much cleanup is needed to improve the soil<\/span><\/strong>. Remediation can be as intensive as physically removing and replacing the soil, or as simple as tilling it up and adding amendments<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n The presence of lead, heavy metals, and excess chemicals may call for containment using green infrastructure. One purpose of green infrastructure is to interrupt the journey of contaminants into water sources, where they can spread or infiltrate drinking water sources. It can include bioswales, rain gardens, or vegetative buffers<\/span>.<\/strong> Plans can include plant species capable of ingesting heavy metals or excess chemicals in the soil<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n Montgomery says that soil testing should come first<\/strong> <\/span>when deciding what to do with a piece of property. \u00abYou go to a doctor for a preventative check-up and we should do the same with soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n Testing the soil is usually inexpensive and can indicate what’s needed<\/strong><\/span>–and what isn’t needed–to improve it. \u00abIt’s part of understanding your home,\u00bb says Montgomery. \u00abIf you have a soil test done and it’s showing you’ve got excess chemicals, then maybe you don’t need to spend as much money on amendments to the soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\n For Montgomery, soil health is an environmental justice issue. Low-income and underserved neighborhoods are rife with poor soils. There has been little reconstruction in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood since the 1930’s. Approximately 78 percent of the residents are below the poverty line. \u00abWe definitely need to be at the table advocating for environmental justice in these communities that are wracked by poor soil quality<\/span><\/strong>,\u00bb says Montgomery.<\/p>\n Montgomery notes that community participation in this project is particularly important<\/strong>. \u00abThe point is not to have the university come in and dictate,\u00bb he says. \u00abThe Comer Center is driving this bus and that’s how it should be.\u00bb<\/p>\n Montgomery says they plan to hold planning sessions with the community to discover what they envision for the lots<\/strong>. They will use the results of the soil test to better inform their next move.<\/p>\n Story Source: <\/strong>The above post is reprinted from materials<\/a> provided by American Society of Agronomy<\/strong><\/a>. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.<\/em><\/p>\n Journal Reference<\/strong>: James A. Montgomery, Christie A. Klimas, Joseph Arcus, Christian DeKnock, Kathryn Rico, Yarency Rodriguez, Katherine Vollrath, Ellen Webb, Allison Williams. Soil Quality Assessment Is a Necessary First Step for Designing Urban Green Infrastructure<\/strong>. Journal of Environment Quality<\/em>, 2016; 45 (1): 18 DOI: 10.2134\/jeq2015.04.0192<\/a><\/p>\n Cite This Page<\/strong>:MLA<\/a>, APA<\/a>, Chicago<\/a>American Society of Agronomy. \u00abHealing the soil: Repurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test.\u00bb ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 10 February 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2016\/02\/160210135336.htm>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Fuente: colaje de google im\u00e1genes Si como algunos investigadores comentan, la respiraci\u00f3n del suelo es un indicador de su resiliencia, ahora resultar\u00eda que los suelos urbanos lo son, mucho m\u00e1s que los naturales. No me parece obvio, por tanto, utilizar respiraci\u00f3n como s\u00edntoma de resiliencia, al menos por si sola. Hoy analizaremos dos notas de prensa derivadas de otros tantos art\u00edculos de investigaci\u00f3n. La primera nos advierte que la respiraci\u00f3n de los suelos urbanos puede alcanzar en algunas ciudades, como es el caso de Boston, el 72% del CO2 emitido por los propios combustibles f\u00f3siles, hecho que no deja de\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,608,590,594,612,618,591,592,35597],"tags":[46769,35596,46797,35595,27918],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147995"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148698,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions\/148698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\u00a0<\/span>Healing the soil<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n
![boring swaths<\/a> of](\"https:\/\/www.lawnstarter.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/rsz_dollarphotoclub_70900117.jpg\"){kind=link}
![like this<\/a>, the\u00a0more those emissions matter<\/strong>.<\/p>\nStill, the researchers aren\u2019t saying that we should stop landscaping and let nature run wild, just that we should be sure to account for these emissions when we make\u00a0our climate action plans. That said, it wouldn\u2019t hurt to reassess our obsession with lawns and gardens and clear-cut suburban streets. Most of it looks terrible, and forests are objectively<\/strong> awesome<\/a>.<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/span>Healing the soil<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\nRepurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test<\/strong><\/p>\nDate: <\/strong>February 10, 2016; Source: <\/strong>American Society of Agronomy<\/p>\nSummary: <\/strong>Chicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years. In Chicago, the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. A non-profit youth development center hopes to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges. <\/strong>However, the most incriminating evidence of the past lies beneath the surface, in the soil<\/strong>.<\/p>\nChicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil<\/strong>. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years<\/strong>. In Chicago, <\/strong>the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. This can pose problems for the health of the humans and plants that inhabit the land years later<\/strong>.<\/p>\nThe four empty lots are owned by the Gary Comer Center, a non-profit youth development center in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood. The Comer Center’s long-term hope is to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\u00abThey are going to need some serious TLC to bring them back,\u00bb says urban soil<\/strong> scientist James Montgomery.<\/p>\nMontgomery is an associate professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Studies at DePaul University. He and his team trained a group of undergraduate students from DePaul to test the soil on the lots in collaboration with the Comer Center. The soils are all in poor shape. They have a high alkaline level, and contain chemical and lead levels above the amount recommended by the EPA<\/strong>.<\/p>\nTo Montgomery, this isn’t a hopeless case: \u00abWe want to work with the Comer Center and help them realize their vision for using these lots, whatever that might be,\u00bb he says.<\/p>\nThe Comer Center’s eventual goal, whether it’s the installation of urban gardens, parks, or buildings, will dictate how much cleanup is needed to improve the soil<\/span><\/strong>. Remediation can be as intensive as physically removing and replacing the soil, or as simple as tilling it up and adding amendments<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\nThe presence of lead, heavy metals, and excess chemicals may call for containment using green infrastructure. One purpose of green infrastructure is to interrupt the journey of contaminants into water sources, where they can spread or infiltrate drinking water sources. It can include bioswales, rain gardens, or vegetative buffers<\/span>.<\/strong> Plans can include plant species capable of ingesting heavy metals or excess chemicals in the soil<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\nMontgomery says that soil testing should come first<\/strong> <\/span>when deciding what to do with a piece of property. \u00abYou go to a doctor for a preventative check-up and we should do the same with soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\nTesting the soil is usually inexpensive and can indicate what’s needed<\/strong><\/span>–and what isn’t needed–to improve it. \u00abIt’s part of understanding your home,\u00bb says Montgomery. \u00abIf you have a soil test done and it’s showing you’ve got excess chemicals, then maybe you don’t need to spend as much money on amendments to the soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\nFor Montgomery, soil health is an environmental justice issue. Low-income and underserved neighborhoods are rife with poor soils. There has been little reconstruction in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood since the 1930’s. Approximately 78 percent of the residents are below the poverty line. \u00abWe definitely need to be at the table advocating for environmental justice in these communities that are wracked by poor soil quality<\/span><\/strong>,\u00bb says Montgomery.<\/p>\nMontgomery notes that community participation in this project is particularly important<\/strong>. \u00abThe point is not to have the university come in and dictate,\u00bb he says. \u00abThe Comer Center is driving this bus and that’s how it should be.\u00bb<\/p>\nMontgomery says they plan to hold planning sessions with the community to discover what they envision for the lots<\/strong>. They will use the results of the soil test to better inform their next move.<\/p>\nStory Source: <\/strong>The above post is reprinted from materials<\/a> provided by American Society of Agronomy<\/strong><\/a>. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.<\/em><\/p>\nJournal Reference<\/strong>: James A. Montgomery, Christie A. Klimas, Joseph Arcus, Christian DeKnock, Kathryn Rico, Yarency Rodriguez, Katherine Vollrath, Ellen Webb, Allison Williams. Soil Quality Assessment Is a Necessary First Step for Designing Urban Green Infrastructure<\/strong>. Journal of Environment Quality<\/em>, 2016; 45 (1): 18 DOI: 10.2134\/jeq2015.04.0192<\/a><\/p>\nCite This Page<\/strong>:MLA<\/a>, APA<\/a>, Chicago<\/a>American Society of Agronomy. \u00abHealing the soil: Repurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test.\u00bb ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 10 February 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2016\/02\/160210135336.htm>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Fuente: colaje de google im\u00e1genes Si como algunos investigadores comentan, la respiraci\u00f3n del suelo es un indicador de su resiliencia, ahora resultar\u00eda que los suelos urbanos lo son, mucho m\u00e1s que los naturales. No me parece obvio, por tanto, utilizar respiraci\u00f3n como s\u00edntoma de resiliencia, al menos por si sola. Hoy analizaremos dos notas de prensa derivadas de otros tantos art\u00edculos de investigaci\u00f3n. La primera nos advierte que la respiraci\u00f3n de los suelos urbanos puede alcanzar en algunas ciudades, como es el caso de Boston, el 72% del CO2 emitido por los propios combustibles f\u00f3siles, hecho que no deja de\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,608,590,594,612,618,591,592,35597],"tags":[46769,35596,46797,35595,27918],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147995"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148698,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions\/148698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}](\"http:\/\/publicradio1.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com\/state-of-the-arts\/files\/legacy\/content_images\/suburb.jpg\"){kind=link}
![awesome<\/a>.<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/span>Healing the soil<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\nRepurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test<\/strong><\/p>\nDate: <\/strong>February 10, 2016; Source: <\/strong>American Society of Agronomy<\/p>\nSummary: <\/strong>Chicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years. In Chicago, the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. A non-profit youth development center hopes to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges. <\/strong>However, the most incriminating evidence of the past lies beneath the surface, in the soil<\/strong>.<\/p>\nChicago’s history of industrialization and urbanization left its mark on the soil<\/strong>. Soil acts as a sponge, and can host contaminants for years<\/strong>. In Chicago, <\/strong>the waste from industrial manufacturing causes undesirable toxic organic chemicals, heavy metals, and other chemicals to linger in the soil<\/strong>. This can pose problems for the health of the humans and plants that inhabit the land years later<\/strong>.<\/p>\nThe four empty lots are owned by the Gary Comer Center, a non-profit youth development center in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood. The Comer Center’s long-term hope is to repurpose the lots into useful spaces for the community. However, the poor quality soils in the lots create challenges<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\u00abThey are going to need some serious TLC to bring them back,\u00bb says urban soil<\/strong> scientist James Montgomery.<\/p>\nMontgomery is an associate professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Studies at DePaul University. He and his team trained a group of undergraduate students from DePaul to test the soil on the lots in collaboration with the Comer Center. The soils are all in poor shape. They have a high alkaline level, and contain chemical and lead levels above the amount recommended by the EPA<\/strong>.<\/p>\nTo Montgomery, this isn’t a hopeless case: \u00abWe want to work with the Comer Center and help them realize their vision for using these lots, whatever that might be,\u00bb he says.<\/p>\nThe Comer Center’s eventual goal, whether it’s the installation of urban gardens, parks, or buildings, will dictate how much cleanup is needed to improve the soil<\/span><\/strong>. Remediation can be as intensive as physically removing and replacing the soil, or as simple as tilling it up and adding amendments<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\nThe presence of lead, heavy metals, and excess chemicals may call for containment using green infrastructure. One purpose of green infrastructure is to interrupt the journey of contaminants into water sources, where they can spread or infiltrate drinking water sources. It can include bioswales, rain gardens, or vegetative buffers<\/span>.<\/strong> Plans can include plant species capable of ingesting heavy metals or excess chemicals in the soil<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\nMontgomery says that soil testing should come first<\/strong> <\/span>when deciding what to do with a piece of property. \u00abYou go to a doctor for a preventative check-up and we should do the same with soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\nTesting the soil is usually inexpensive and can indicate what’s needed<\/strong><\/span>–and what isn’t needed–to improve it. \u00abIt’s part of understanding your home,\u00bb says Montgomery. \u00abIf you have a soil test done and it’s showing you’ve got excess chemicals, then maybe you don’t need to spend as much money on amendments to the soil<\/strong>.\u00bb<\/p>\nFor Montgomery, soil health is an environmental justice issue. Low-income and underserved neighborhoods are rife with poor soils. There has been little reconstruction in the Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood since the 1930’s. Approximately 78 percent of the residents are below the poverty line. \u00abWe definitely need to be at the table advocating for environmental justice in these communities that are wracked by poor soil quality<\/span><\/strong>,\u00bb says Montgomery.<\/p>\nMontgomery notes that community participation in this project is particularly important<\/strong>. \u00abThe point is not to have the university come in and dictate,\u00bb he says. \u00abThe Comer Center is driving this bus and that’s how it should be.\u00bb<\/p>\nMontgomery says they plan to hold planning sessions with the community to discover what they envision for the lots<\/strong>. They will use the results of the soil test to better inform their next move.<\/p>\nStory Source: <\/strong>The above post is reprinted from materials<\/a> provided by American Society of Agronomy<\/strong><\/a>. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.<\/em><\/p>\nJournal Reference<\/strong>: James A. Montgomery, Christie A. Klimas, Joseph Arcus, Christian DeKnock, Kathryn Rico, Yarency Rodriguez, Katherine Vollrath, Ellen Webb, Allison Williams. Soil Quality Assessment Is a Necessary First Step for Designing Urban Green Infrastructure<\/strong>. Journal of Environment Quality<\/em>, 2016; 45 (1): 18 DOI: 10.2134\/jeq2015.04.0192<\/a><\/p>\nCite This Page<\/strong>:MLA<\/a>, APA<\/a>, Chicago<\/a>American Society of Agronomy. \u00abHealing the soil: Repurposing abandoned urban lots starts with soil test.\u00bb ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 10 February 2016. <www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2016\/02\/160210135336.htm>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Fuente: colaje de google im\u00e1genes Si como algunos investigadores comentan, la respiraci\u00f3n del suelo es un indicador de su resiliencia, ahora resultar\u00eda que los suelos urbanos lo son, mucho m\u00e1s que los naturales. No me parece obvio, por tanto, utilizar respiraci\u00f3n como s\u00edntoma de resiliencia, al menos por si sola. Hoy analizaremos dos notas de prensa derivadas de otros tantos art\u00edculos de investigaci\u00f3n. La primera nos advierte que la respiraci\u00f3n de los suelos urbanos puede alcanzar en algunas ciudades, como es el caso de Boston, el 72% del CO2 emitido por los propios combustibles f\u00f3siles, hecho que no deja de\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,608,590,594,612,618,591,592,35597],"tags":[46769,35596,46797,35595,27918],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147995"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148698,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147995\/revisions\/148698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}](\"http:\/\/img08.deviantart.net\/8bcd\/i\/2010\/153\/9\/2\/into_the_forest_by_dreamca7cher.jpg\"){kind=link}