{"id":148953,"date":"2017-06-02T18:04:53","date_gmt":"2017-06-02T17:04:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/?p=148953"},"modified":"2017-06-02T18:04:53","modified_gmt":"2017-06-02T17:04:53","slug":"cambio-climatico-una-guerra-ecologica-o-economica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2017\/06\/02\/148953","title":{"rendered":"Cambio Clim\u00e1tico: \u00bfUna Guerra Ecol\u00f3gica o Econ\u00f3mica?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"trump-y-el-cambio-climatico\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yo nunca he dudado de que se el ser humano se encuentra modificando el clima. Ahora bien, existen muchos motivos para cuestionar las predicciones de los modelos de cambio clim\u00e1tico, como hemos reiterado en diversas ocasiones. Redacto este post el d\u00eda despu\u00e9s de que ese personaje llamado Donald Trump ha escandalizado al mundo por su negativa a firmar los acuerdos de cambio clim\u00e1tico a los que se adher\u00eda la administraci\u00f3n Obama. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Y as\u00ed hoy pod\u00e9is leer, en todos los idiomas, noticias como estas:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trump retira a EE UU del Acuerdo de Par\u00eds contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico <\/a><\/p>\n

Donald Trump da la espalda al cambio clim\u00e1tico y el Acuerdo de Par\u00eds<\/a><\/p>\n

8 frases de Donald Trump sobre el cambio clim\u00e1tico y el Acuerdo de …<\/a><\/p>\n

Donald Trump anuncia que Estados Unidos abandonar\u00e1 el Acuerdo …<\/a><\/p>\n

Y en este sentido puede <\/span><\/span>entenderse lo bien que se llevan los dirigentes de USA y <\/span><\/span><\/strong>Rusia<\/span><\/a>, que disponen de <\/span>ingentes reservas de combustibles f\u00f3siles<\/span><\/a>. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Y aparte de vender armas, \u00bfno hablar\u00eda tambi\u00e9n el dirigente norteamericano de este tema con su hom\u00f3nimo de Arabia Saud\u00ed?,<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>pa\u00eds que como sab\u00e9is todos no atesora recursos energ\u00e9ticos f\u00f3siles \u00bf?. <\/span>\u00bfDebemos alarmarnos? Francamente yo no. Me explico<\/span><\/span><\/strong>, personalmente estoy preocupado desde hace mucho tiempo, empero los acuerdos de esta naturaleza (l\u00e9ase cambio clim\u00e1tico) <\/span>se firman para no cumplirse<\/strong><\/span>. \u00bfAcaso los pa\u00edses de la ONU siguen a rajatabla \u201c<\/span>La declaraci\u00f3n Universal de derechos Humanos<\/span><\/a>?. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

No se enga\u00f1en<\/span>, la gobernanza mundial no se encuentra preocupada ni por el bienestar de los ciudadanos ni por cuestiones medioambientales<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. Y como \u201cno hay m\u00e1s ciego que el que no quiere ver\u201d, <\/span>solo piensan en los negocios y finanzas<\/strong><\/span> (la dictadura financiara que sufrimos), para beneficio de unos pocos y el martirio de los dem\u00e1s.<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>Y aqu\u00ed surge la contienda<\/strong>. <\/span>Unos pa\u00edses disponen de grandes reservas de combustibles f\u00f3siles y otros no<\/span><\/span><\/strong>, como es son los casos de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, o Jap\u00f3n, y <\/span>el menos comentado de la India<\/span><\/a>, y <\/span>China<\/span><\/a>, es decir <\/span>los emergentes dragones asi\u00e1ticos que amenazan el tradicional \u201cimperio\u201d occidental<\/strong><\/span>. En consecuencia, aqu\u00ed nos encontramos con el meollo de la cuesti\u00f3n: <\/span>cuesti\u00f3n de energ\u00eda y poder, que no de cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/strong><\/span>. Y Donald, que ya sabemos c\u00f3mo piensa \u00bf?, razonar\u00e1 as\u00ed: \u201csi se aumenta la temperatura enciendan ustedes los aparatos de aire acondicionado, \u201cmade in USA\u201d. Es decir la pasta ante todo, por lo que \u00e9l ve una oportunidad de<\/span> \u201c<\/span><\/span>restablecer el orden mundial que le interesa<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Obviamente <\/span>Rusia le respaldar\u00e1 a ciegas y m\u00e1s aun cuando<\/strong><\/span> sus fr\u00edas tundras y taigas, pudieran convertirse en los futuros graneros mundiales, si el clima se calienta como predicen los modelos, aunque, ya sab\u00e9is mi opini\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sobre el cambio clim\u00e1tico se ha ido edificando en las dos \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas una parte muy importante de la econom\u00eda y desarrollo tecnol\u00f3gico, al menos en muchos pa\u00edses<\/strong><\/span>, <\/span>especialmente los dependientes de la importaci\u00f3n de los combustibles f\u00f3siles<\/strong><\/span>. \u00a1Que se fastidien! espetar\u00e1n al un\u00edsono Trump y Putin. Recordemos por ejemplo, y solo es uno entre ellos, la ingente cantidad de billones de euros o d\u00f3lares que basculan entorno a las denominadas <\/span>energ\u00edas renovables<\/span><\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Como <\/span>an\u00e9cdota<\/strong><\/span> os comentar\u00e9 que <\/span>UBER<\/span><\/a> es una multinacional que pretende destruir el tradicional modelo del transporte de viajeros por <\/span>taxi<\/span><\/a>, del cual dependen tan solo en Espa\u00f1a miles de familias. Los profesionales de este y otros pa\u00edses, varios de ellos latinoamericanos, se encuentran ya soliviantados, habiendo comenzado movilizaciones y huelgas contra este nuevo modelo de negocio (<\/span>conflicto entre Uber y los taxistas<\/span><\/a>). Ante tal panorama, vision\u00e9 el otro d\u00eda en <\/span>TVE<\/span><\/a>. Pues bien, en su defensa, los sicarios de UBER en Espa\u00f1a argumentaron <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>apostar por los coches el\u00e9ctricos, y que as\u00ed paliar\u00edan el cambio clim\u00e1tico. Y luego apostillaban, tan solo el 20% del dinero generado va fuera de Espa\u00f1a. \u00bfY porque se tiene que perder pasta en negocios como este?. Pero es aqu\u00ed en donde los c\u00e1lculos pueden fallarle a Trump. Uber es una multinacional estadounidense. <\/span><\/p>\n

La econom\u00eda USA perder\u00eda pingues beneficios y puestos de trabajos si deja de deambular por el mundo de las energ\u00edas alternativas y <\/span>el gran negocio del cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. USA perder\u00eda ingentes ganancias si<\/span><\/a> se mantiene al margen de diversos tipos de producciones industriales en la que actualmente anda tan implicada, como muchos Estados. Pero ni las petroleras ven claro el movimiento ajedrecista de Trump. A\u00fan no sabemos si tiene alg\u00fan sentido estrat\u00e9gico o simplemente es otra \u201cocurrencia\u201d de \u2026..<\/span><\/p>\n

Dicen que la \u201c<\/span>pol\u00edtica hace extra\u00f1os compa\u00f1eros de cama<\/span><\/a>\u201d. Hubiera sido dif\u00edcil imaginar (y aun me cuesta) que en el futuro Europa se conchabara con China y Rusia con El Tio Sam. \u00a1Vivir para ver!. Personalmente <\/span>trabajar como un chino<\/span><\/a> no es el porvenir que deseo para nadie. <\/span><\/p>\n

El \u201ctiempo dictara\u201d sentencia, que no el clima<\/span> <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Os dejo con la pat\u00e9tica noticia que nos deja el Noticiero de la USDA \u201cpos Obama\u201d y otra que da cuenta de la mentada resistencia de otros pa\u00edses, como la UE y China<\/strong><\/span>, a seguir el sendero por el que nos invita a transitar <\/span>cua, cua, cua<\/span><\/a>. \u00a1Jes\u00fas iba todo mal y aterriz\u00f3 Donald como un gran meteorito!. Leer por favor la nota de prensa que ha dejado la administraci\u00f3n Trump en la USDA y ver\u00e9is\u2026\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n

Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Having trouble viewing this email? <\/span>View it as a Web page<\/a>; You are subscribed to USDA Office of Communications. Release No. 0049.17; <\/span>Contact:<\/span><\/strong> USDA Press; <\/span>Phone:<\/span><\/strong> (202) 720-4623; <\/span>Email:<\/span><\/strong>press@oc.usda.gov<\/p>\n

Statement of Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue on President Trump\u2019s Paris Accord Announcement<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPresident Trump promised that he would put America first and he has rightly determined that the Paris accord was not in the best interests of the United States<\/span>.\u00a0 In addition to costing our economy trillions of dollars and millions of jobs, the accord also represented a willful and voluntary ceding of our national sovereignty.\u00a0 The agreement would have had negligible impact on world temperatures<\/span><\/strong>, especially since other countries and major world economies were not being held to the same stringent standards as the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe Earth\u2019s climate has been changing since the planet was formed \u2013 on this there is no disagreement<\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0 At USDA, we rely on sound science and we remain firmly committed to digging ever deeper into research to develop better methods of agricultural production in that changing climate.\u00a0 Floods, droughts, and natural disasters are a fact of life for farmers, ranchers, and foresters.\u00a0 They have persevered in the past, and they will adapt in the future – with the assistance of the scientists and experts at USDA.\u00a0 To be effective, our research and programs need to be focused on finding solutions and providing state-of-the-art technologies to improve management decisions on farm and on forest lands.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

El presidente Trump prometi\u00f3 que pondr\u00eda a Estados Unidos primero y \u00e9l ha determinado con raz\u00f3n que el acuerdo de Par\u00eds no era en los mejores intereses de los Estados Unidos. Adem\u00e1s de costar a nuestra econom\u00eda billones de d\u00f3lares y millones de empleos, el acuerdo tambi\u00e9n represent\u00f3 una cesi\u00f3n voluntaria y voluntaria de nuestra soberan\u00eda nacional. El acuerdo habr\u00eda tenido un impacto insignificante en las temperaturas mundiales, especialmente dado que otros pa\u00edses y las principales econom\u00edas mundiales no est\u00e1n sujetas a las mismas normas estrictas que los Estados Unidos<\/span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00ab<\/span>El clima de la Tierra ha estado cambiando desde que el planeta se form\u00f3 – en esto no hay desacuerdo<\/strong>. En USDA, confiamos en ciencia s\u00f3lida y seguimos firmemente comprometidos a profundizar cada vez m\u00e1s en la investigaci\u00f3n para desarrollar mejores m\u00e9todos de producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en ese clima cambiante. Las inundaciones, las sequ\u00edas y los desastres naturales son un hecho de la vida de los agricultores, ganaderos y silvicultores. Han perseverado en el pasado, y se adaptar\u00e1n en el futuro – con la ayuda de los cient\u00edficos y expertos en USDA<\/strong>. Para ser eficaces, nuestras investigaciones y programas deben centrarse en encontrar soluciones y proporcionar tecnolog\u00edas de vanguardia<\/strong><\/span> para mejorar las decisiones de manejo en las fincas y en las tierras forestales<\/span> \u00ab.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

With or without Trump, US businesses moving on climate<\/span><\/a>
\n<\/strong>By Jeremy TORDJMAN;
\nWashington (AFP) May 31, 2017<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>UBER<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

With or without Trump, US businesses moving on climate<\/span><\/a> (<\/strong>By Jeremy TORDJMAN) Washington (AFP) May; \u00a031, 2017.<\/p>\n

President Donald Trump may be dragging out his decision on whether to ditch the Paris climate agreement, but major American corporations have not waited for a government signal to start cutting their carbon emissions.<\/p>\n

Before Trump had even raised the possibility of scrapping US involvement in the landmark 2015 treaty, Coca-Cola and the engineering giant General Electric already had pledged to reduce their carbon footprints by 25 percent and 20 percent, respectively, by 2020.<\/p>\n

Apple meanwhile boasts of running its US operations on 100 percent renewable energy.<\/p>\n

\u00abWe believe climate change is real and the science is well accepted,\u00bb GE’s CEO Jeff Immelt said last month, offering a stark contrast to an administration that features prominent climate change deniers.<\/p>\n

Agribusiness giant Monsanto told AFP it was \u00abcommitted\u00bb to helping \u00abfarmers adapt to and mitigate climate change.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Even energy-sector heavyweights — those who seemingly have the most to lose from tougher environmental rules — are joining the trend started by the Paris Agreement, which aims to keep global warming \u00abwell below\u00bb two degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels.<\/p>\n

Oil giant Chevron \u00absupports continuing with the Paris Agreement as it offers a first step towards a global framework,\u00bb spokeswoman Melissa Ritchie said.<\/p>\n

Rival ExxonMobil recently implored the White House not to exit the climate treaty in order to respond effectively to climate \u00abrisks.\u00bb<\/p>\n

– Shifting attitudes –<\/p>\n

Just a few years ago, the US business world was using all its weight to impede climate talks, notably leading to the collapse of a 2009 summit in Copenhagen.<\/p>\n

But many companies now find their image at stake in the United States, where opinion polls indicate the public are concerned by global warming and want to remain in the Paris agreement.<\/p>\n

While growing environmental awareness has played a role, corporate America’s conversion is not solely the result of do-gooder impulses.<\/p>\n

\u00abThe companies are increasing their commitments in the climate area irrespective of (Trump’s) decision, because it saves them money, it reduces their risks and most importantly, it’s a massive market opportunity,\u00bb said Kevin Moss of the World Resources Institute.<\/p>\n

The bottom line has indeed shifted for businesses. Major investors are exiting fossil fuels and companies are facing increasing pressure to adapt their growth models to a world without carbon.<\/p>\n

\u00abOur customers, partners and countries are demanding technology that generates power while reducing emissions, improving energy efficiency and reducing cost,\u00bb said GE’s Immelt.<\/p>\n

Oil prices have fallen through the floor in recent years, with a barrel of benchmark crude hovering around $50, down from more than $80 a decade ago. As a result, investing in the sector is much less profitable.<\/p>\n

As a sign of the times, Exxon shareholders on Wednesday voted to force the company to factor in tougher climate policies on emissions and disclose how they may affect company revenues.<\/p>\n

– Structural changes –<\/p>\n

Trump also has pledged to revive the coal industry but given the boom in natural gas, which produces 50 percent less carbon dioxide and is far cheaper than coal, most experts say that will be difficult to accomplish on a large scale.<\/p>\n

Still, fracking, or hydraulic fracturing — a principal means of natural gas extraction — also faces stiff criticism for its environmental impacts.<\/p>\n

The costs of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, also have come down sharply, thanks in part to investment and public subsidies that have made the sector more attractive.<\/p>\n

Melissa McHenry, a spokeswoman for the major US generator American Electric Power, said her company had diversified into renewables and was investing \u00abin renewable generation and other innovations that increase efficiency and reduce emissions.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Lynn Good, head of Duke Energy, told The Wall Street Journal that \u00abbecause of the competitive price of natural gas and the declining price of renewables, continuing to drive carbon out makes sense for us.\u00bb<\/p>\n

There is still skepticism in certain quarters, particularly on the costs of climate policies.<\/p>\n

The American Petroleum Institute, an industry body representing 625 businesses, is wary of \u00abgovernment mandates that could increase energy costs,\u00bb according to spokesman Eric Wohlschlegel.<\/p>\n

But Moss of the World Resources Institute said withdrawal from the Paris accord will not stop the momentum, and companies will continue down their current path \u00abeven without it, because everybody else is doing it.\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00abThe only countries we’ll be in the company of if we pull out are Syria and Nicaragua,\u00bb he said.<\/p>\n

Climate: What is the Paris Agreement?
\n<\/strong>Paris (AFP) May 31, 2017 – On December 12, 2015, 195 countries gathered in the French capital to conclude the first truly universal climate treaty, the Paris Agreement, aimed at preventing the worst-case scenarios of global warming.<\/p>\n

On Wednesday, US media reported that President Donald Trump was poised to announce the United States’ withdrawal from the pact, which took nearly two decades of often-acrimonious bartering and much give-and-take to conclude.<\/p>\n

The Palestinian authorities have since also signed the agreement, which has now been officially ratified by 147 parties and entered into force in record time on November 4, 2016, when it crossed the threshold of 55 ratifying parties representing 55 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.<\/p>\n

Even without the US, which ratified the pact under Barack Obama in September 2016, the 55\/55 threshold is met.<\/p>\n

– The goal –<\/p>\n

Nations agreed to hold global warming to \u00abwell below\u00bb two degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) over pre-Industrial Revolution levels, and to strive for a limit of 1.5 degrees Celsius.<\/p>\n

The lower goal was a demand of poor countries and island states at high risk of climate change effects such as rising sea levels.<\/p>\n

But experts say even the two-degree ceiling is a tall order, requiring an immediate and deep reduction in planet-warming emissions from burning fossil fuels — an industry with major influence in Washington.<\/p>\n

Based on voluntary emissions-cutting pledged by countries so far, the planet is on track for warming of about three degrees, many scientists say — a recipe for possibly catastrophic floods, storms, drought and ocean-level increases.<\/p>\n

Without the US administration on board, the goal may move even further out of reach.<\/p>\n

– Getting there –<\/p>\n

The signatories will aim for emissions to peak \u00abas soon as possible\u00bb, with \u00abrapid reductions\u00bb thereafter.<\/p>\n

By the second half of this century, according to the pact, there must be a balance between emissions from human activities such as energy production and farming, and the amount that can be absorbed by carbon-absorbing \u00absinks\u00bb such as forests or storage technology.<\/p>\n

– Burden-sharing –<\/p>\n

Developed countries, which have polluted for longer, must take the lead with absolute emissions cuts.<\/p>\n

Developing nations, which still burn coal and oil to power growing populations and economies, are encouraged to \u00abcontinue enhancing\u00bb their efforts and \u00abmove over time\u00bb towards absolute cuts.<\/p>\n

– Tracking progress –<\/p>\n

In 2018, and every five years thereafter, countries will take stock of the overall impact of their efforts to rein in global warming, according to the text.<\/p>\n

It \u00aburges\u00bb and \u00abrequests\u00bb countries to update their pledges by 2020.<\/p>\n

Some nations, including the United States, set emissions-curbing targets for 2025, others for 2030. Both categories are meant to be updated every five years.<\/p>\n

– Financing –<\/p>\n

Rich countries are expected to provide funding to help developing countries make the costly shift to cleaner energy sources and to shore up defences against the impacts of climate change.<\/p>\n

Donor nations must report every two years on their financing levels — current and intended.<\/p>\n

In a nonbinding \u00abdecision\u00bb that accompanies the agreement but is not included in it, the $100 billion (89 billion euros) per year that rich countries have pledged to muster by 2020 is referred to as a \u00abfloor\u00bb — meaning it can only go up.<\/p>\n

The amount must be updated by 2025.<\/p>\n

According to an OECD report, pledges made in 2015 alone would boost public climate financing (excluding private money) to $67 billion in 2020.<\/p>\n

But Trump has hinted that the United States, which had pledged $3 billion towards the Green Climate Fund, of which it delivered $1 billion under Barack Obama, will not honour its financing commitments.<\/p>\n

– Bindingness –<\/p>\n

The agreement makes provision for parties to withdraw, but notice can be given only three years after its entry into force in 2016. The actual withdrawal would take effect a year later — meaning 2020 if the Trump administration uses this option.<\/p>\n

A country can also withdraw from the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, under whose auspices the deal was negotiated. Withdrawal would take effect a year after notification.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 Yo nunca he dudado de que se el ser humano se encuentra modificando el clima. Ahora bien, existen muchos motivos para cuestionar las predicciones de los modelos de cambio clim\u00e1tico, como hemos reiterado en diversas ocasiones. Redacto este post el d\u00eda despu\u00e9s de que ese personaje llamado Donald Trump ha escandalizado al mundo por su negativa a firmar los acuerdos de cambio clim\u00e1tico a los que se adher\u00eda la administraci\u00f3n Obama. \u00a0Y as\u00ed hoy pod\u00e9is leer, en todos los idiomas, noticias como estas: Trump retira a EE UU del Acuerdo de Par\u00eds contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico Donald Trump da\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[7651,618,591,1,615,606,595],"tags":[48001,47999,47969,47988,48002,48000],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148953"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148953"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148953\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148956,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148953\/revisions\/148956"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=148953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}