{"id":35395,"date":"2006-07-24T20:59:00","date_gmt":"2006-07-24T20:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/universo\/archive\/2006\/07\/24\/35395.aspx"},"modified":"2010-01-22T03:40:37","modified_gmt":"2010-01-22T02:40:37","slug":"clasificaciones-de-suelos-y-etnoedafologia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2006\/07\/24\/35395","title":{"rendered":"Clasificaciones de Suelos y Etnoedafolog\u00eda"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Ya de vuelta de Filadelfia y NY, con el \u201clag\u201d acuestas, os ir\u00e9 narrando temas jugosos que conciernen, tanto a la edafolog\u00eda y las ciencias del suelo, como a la pr\u00e1ctica social de la ciencia. Ambas os sorprender\u00e1n. Hoy comenzamos con la ciencia. La<span style=\"COLOR: #cc0000\"> etnoedafolog\u00eda<\/span>, es una subdisciplina en su infancia. Afortunadamente para mi, dos de sus promotores son buenos amigos (Alfred Zinck y Pavel Krasilnikov). Este hecho y mi creciente inter\u00e9s por las ra\u00edces y condicionamientos cognitivos de las taxonom\u00edas, han despertado a este administrador una cierta pasi\u00f3n sobre el tema, mientras que mis colegas parecen no percatarse por la relevancia de estos estudios. Por cierto, en M\u00e9xico, se est\u00e1 haciendo una gran labor al respecto. El Congreso Mundial de Filadelfia se celebr\u00f3 un Simposio comandado por Pavel, sobre el tema que llevaba el t\u00edtulo de: \u201c<span style=\"COLOR: #cc0000\">Indigenous Soil Classification Systems<\/span><\/span>\u201d <span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">en la cual escuche contribuciones francamente interesantes. Estas no solo conciernen a la edafolog\u00eda, sino tambi\u00e9n a las <A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/06\/03\/27769.aspx\">ciencias cognitivas<\/a> como intentar\u00e9 mostrar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Una de las charlas me llam\u00f3 especialmente la atenci\u00f3n, tanto m\u00e1s cuando parece hab\u00e9rseles escurrido de sus seseras a los expertos en <span style=\"COLOR: #cc0000\">Biolog\u00eda Folk<\/span>, muchos de cuyos resultados se publican en revistas que versan sobre ciencias cognitivas. Esta llevaba por t\u00edtulo: <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\">Mayan <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">Soil Classification in the Yucatan State, Mexico<\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">. Sus autores, <span style=\"COLOR: blue\">Bautista<\/span>, <span style=\"COLOR: blue\">Zink<\/span> y<span style=\"COLOR: blue\"> Estrada<\/span> me dejaron asombrado. Los expertos en clasificaciones biol\u00f3gicas suelen pensar (y as\u00ed lo hacen constatar en sus escritos) que tales taxonom\u00edas, como constructos cognitivos, conciernen al mundo vivo, pero que los ind\u00edgenas no elaboran (o elaboraban) tales sofisticados productos (asombrosamente parecidos a las clasificaciones modernas) del entorno inorg\u00e1nico. Los resultados mostrados por estos autores tienen el doble valor de ser interesantes para los <A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/06\/03\/27769.aspx\">edaf\u00f3logos<\/a>, pero tambi\u00e9n para los mentados en primer lugar.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">Efectivamente, el orador, <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">H\u00e9ctor Estrada Medina<\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">, de la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Yucat\u00e1n y de la \u201cUniversity of California Riverside\u201d mostr\u00f3, que los mayas constru\u00edan clasificaciones mucho m\u00e1s sofisticadas que lo que la literatura actual reserva al mundo de la vida. Tales constructos se generaban mediante categor\u00edas duras y al parecer tambi\u00e9n eran jer\u00e1rquicos. Obviamente no se subdivid\u00edan en gran n\u00famero de categor\u00edas y niveles jer\u00e1rquicamente anidados, por cuanto concern\u00edan al entorno local en donde viv\u00edan, siempre con un espectro de suelos limitado. Del mismo modo no versaban directamente con la descripci\u00f3n de los horizontes profundos del suelo, si bien a posteriori, s\u00ed daban cuenta en cierto grado de la profundidad del solum.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp; <\/span>Las propiedades utilizadas por los mayas eran color, pedregosidad, textura, tama\u00f1o de part\u00edculas en su sentido m\u00e1s amplio y profundidad. Los edafotaxa as\u00ed generados ten\u00edan nombres vern\u00e1culos precisos. H\u00e9ctor nos mostr\u00f3 similitudes y diferencias respecto a la clasificaci\u00f3n de la FAO (WRB), quedando patente que, aunque difer\u00eda en algunos detalles, era m\u00e1s precisa en algunos sentidos y menos en otros, que la clasificaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, pero esencialmente, ambas juntas se complementaban. <o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Algunos criticar\u00e1n que el primer nivel jer\u00e1rquico es artificial, por cuanto hace uso de la fisiograf\u00eda. Empero los edaf\u00f3logos actuales tambi\u00e9n lo hacemos impl\u00edcitamente. M\u00e1s a\u00fan, para muchos de nosotros entre los cuales se encuentra Alfred Zink, las ciencias del suelo (la piel de la tierra) no debieran disociarse de la geomorfolog\u00eda, como llevo defendiendo yo tambi\u00e9n desde 1995 y he reiterado en esta weblog al hablar de la<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Times\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/07\/18\/35265.aspx\">Zona Cr\u00edtica Terrestre<\/a><\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Times\">\u201d y de la . <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">\u201c<A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/02\/13\/13526.aspx\">geoderma<\/a>\u201d (en el buscador de las weblogs de la CAM aparece 45 veces: algunas relacionadas con la revista que lleva tal titulo y otras en el sentido que yo le doy como en <A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2005\/11\/14.aspx\">este caso<\/a>). <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/span><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Queda pues patente una laguna de que se manifiesta en muchos estudios antropol\u00f3gicos, que denostan de nuevo al suelo, llegando a veces y, como corolario de tal omisi\u00f3n, a extraer conclusiones imprecisas o err\u00f3neas. As\u00ed pues,<span style=\"COLOR: blue\"> Los Mayas, como otros pueblos ind\u00edgenas, atesoraban un profundo conocimiento de los suelos<\/span> de su entorno con vistas a su uso, pero tambi\u00e9n <span style=\"COLOR: blue\">con bases edafogen\u00e9ticas<\/span> subyacentes.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp; <\/span>He acordado con H\u00e9ctor en enviarle bibliograf\u00eda al respecto de la literatura biol\u00f3gica, pero estoy seguro que yo tambi\u00e9n me voy a enriquecer de sus conocimientos. <o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Hay que dar gracias a Alfred y Pavel (y muy poquitos m\u00e1s) por potenciar esta nueva y joven rama de la edafolog\u00eda.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp; <\/span>As\u00ed pues, las <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/05\/19\/23860.aspx\"><font color=\"#cc3300\">taxonomitas folk<\/font><\/a>, neurociencias y antropolog\u00eda, <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/span>tambi\u00e9n se beneficiar\u00e1n de tales estudios. Como ya os coment\u00e9 y se desprend\u00eda de los estudios de <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/06\/23\/32484.aspx\">Diamond<\/a><span style=\"COLOR: #222222\">, tanto el conocimiento de la planta como el del suelo, han sido esenciales en la evoluci\u00f3n cultural y tecnol\u00f3gica de la humanidad desde tiempos remotos.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">No me resisto a poneros en abstract de esta contribuci\u00f3n que ser\u00e1 del inter\u00e9s de los m\u00e1s curiosos, a la par que divulgo un trabajo que, en<A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/Suelos%20Revistas%20y%20papers\/Filadelfia%20CD\/techprogram\/S2020.HTM\"><font color=\"#cc3300\"> cualquier caso<\/font><\/a>, como veis es de libre acceso en Internet. <\/span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"MARGIN: auto 60pt\" align=\"left\"><font size=\"2\"><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Mayan Soil Classification in the <\/span><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\" \/><st1:State><st1:place><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Yucatan<\/span><\/st1:place><\/st1:State><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/span><st1:place><st1:City><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">State<\/span><\/st1:City><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><st1:country-region><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Mexico<\/span><\/st1:country-region><\/st1:place><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/h3>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><b><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Francisco Bautista<\/span><\/b><sup><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">1<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, Alfred Zinck<sup>2<\/sup>, and H\u00e9ctor Estrada Medina<sup>1<\/sup>. (1) FMVZ, Univ Aut\u00f3noma de Yucat\u00e1n, km 15.5 carretera M\u00e9rida-Xmatkuil, M\u00e9rida, 97000, Mexico, (2) International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, P.O. Box 6, Enschede, Netherlands.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Leptosols (LP) constitute the soils group with the largest extent worldwide (12%), in M\u00e9xico (24%) and in Yucat\u00e1n (80%). However, LP have been so far scarcely documented and studied. In Yucat\u00e1n, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Maya people have developed a soil classification<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> adapted to small karstic areas on the basis of their century-long experience of cultivating such areas (Dunning, 1992; Bautista et al., 2000; 2001; 2003ab; 2004; 2005ab; Duch, 2005). Local people have also a deep knowledge of native plants (Flores, 1994; Flores y Bautista, 2005). <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">The Mayan soil knowledge can be used to<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> improve technical soil classifications in karstic areas, especially concerning the Leptosol group. The purpose of this paper is to compare the Mayan soil classification (MSC) with the WRB classification. The study area is located in the lowlands of the State of <\/span><st1:State><st1:place><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Yucat\u00e1n<\/span><\/st1:place><\/st1:State><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> in M\u00e9xico. In interviews,<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> local peasants<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> were asked to identify and <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">name the soil types<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> they knew, describe their properties and show how they recognize them. Soils were described, sampled and classified in the field using the WRB system (WRB, 2002). In the period 2000-2003, three <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">soil-geoform<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> surveys were conducted with the help of bilingual (Maya-Spanish) peasants (Uicab, 2002; Bautista et al., 2004; 2005b). A soil data base was constructed with 300 profiles representing Leptosols (LP), Cambisols (CM), Calcisols (CL), Luvisols (LV), Lixisols (LX), Vertisols (VR), Regosols (RG) and Arenosols (AR).<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> The Mayan peasants identified soil classes based on<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">relief<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">soil color<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">texture<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">drainage<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">stoniness<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">rockiness<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">gravel<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> content and<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> depth<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. Soil classes in the MSC were: (a) K&#8217;ankab, red soils, 10-100 cm deep or deeper (CM, LV); (b) Hay lu&#8217;um, soils with the same characteristics as K&#8217;ankab but less than 10 cm deep and containing more fine earth than the Chalt\u00fan soil class (LPli); (c) Chalt\u00fan, soils that can be red, reddish brown or black, with large amounts of coarse fragments and frequently interrupted by rock outcrops of laminar limestone (LPli); (d) Aak&#8217;alche, grey soils, clayey, poorly drained, 100 cm deep or deeper (VR); (e) Eklu\u00fam, black or brown soils on higher relief portions, good for agriculture (LV); (f) Chak lu&#8217;um, 10-60 cm deep soils, redder than K&#8217;ankab (CMlen, CMlep); (g) Yaax hom, yellow soils, 100 cm deep or deeper, without stones, hard when dry, with good water retention (LX); (h) Box lu&#8217;um, black soils, typical of higher relief portions, with stones of 5-10 cm diameter (LPli, LPhsk, CL); (i) Ch&#8217;och&#8217;ol, also black soils but with less fine earth than the Box lu&#8217;um soils, with frequent rock outcrops and abundant coarse fragments of 5 cm diameter or more (LPhsk); (j) Tsek&#8217;el, black soils, with very little fine earth though more than in the Chalt\u00fan class and with bedrock outcrops in the form of promontories (LPli); (k) Chich lu&#8217;um, soils with abundant gravel content (LP, CL); and (l) Pus lu&#8217;um, shallow soils with soft black earth and good drainage (LPrz). The <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">MSC classification <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">established a clear difference between Hay lu&#8217;um and Chalt\u00fan soils within the Lithic Leptosols. The WRB, in contrast, differentiated between Leptosols (&lt;25 cm) and Cambisols (&gt;25 cm), a distinction that is not taken into account in the MSC. Although 25 cm depth may be an arbitrary threshold, it is <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">a useful indicator of the soil volume<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">available for root development<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. Similarly, the K&#8217;ankab soil class was divided into<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> two subclasses based on depth<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, resulting in a shallow (10-25 cm) K&#8217;ankab and a deep (&gt;25 cm) K&#8217;ankab. Stoniness used in the <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">MSC has agricultural and pedogenetic implications in<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> karstic enviroment. The soil development sequence on lower slopes includes the following WRB members: LPli\u2013CMlep\u2013CMskn\u2013CMlen\u2013LVro. On upper slopes, the soil development sequence includes the following WRB members: LPli\u2013LPrzsk\u2013CLlepsk\u2013CLptp; also the sequence LPli\u2013LPrzsk\u2013LPhskca is likely to occur. <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Soil catenas as related to geomorphic units<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> are LP-LP on subhorizontal plains; LP-LCM or CL-CM on undulating plains; and LP or CL-LV on plains with hills. Random soil variability is controlled by the rock type in each geomorphic unit. <\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">The MSC and WRB classifications are complementary<\/span><span lang=\"EN\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. It is recommended to use both systems for a maximum level of detail, as together they offer a good vision of the soil resource in the study area. <o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ya de vuelta de Filadelfia y NY, con el \u201clag\u201d acuestas, os ir\u00e9 narrando temas jugosos que conciernen, tanto a la edafolog\u00eda y las ciencias del suelo, como a la pr\u00e1ctica social de la ciencia. Ambas os sorprender\u00e1n. Hoy comenzamos con la ciencia. La etnoedafolog\u00eda, es una subdisciplina en su infancia. Afortunadamente para mi, dos de sus promotores son buenos amigos (Alfred Zinck y Pavel Krasilnikov). Este hecho y mi creciente inter\u00e9s por las ra\u00edces y condicionamientos cognitivos de las taxonom\u00edas, han despertado a este administrador una cierta pasi\u00f3n sobre el tema, mientras que mis colegas parecen no percatarse por\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[599,600,601],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35395"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35395"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134093,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35395\/revisions\/134093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}