{"id":45049,"date":"2006-10-06T10:11:00","date_gmt":"2006-10-06T10:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/universo\/archive\/2006\/10\/06\/45049.aspx"},"modified":"2010-01-22T03:41:18","modified_gmt":"2010-01-22T02:41:18","slug":"raices-etnograficas-y-estudios-etnolinguisticos-de-las-clasificaciones-modernas-de-suelos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2006\/10\/06\/45049","title":{"rendered":"Ra\u00edces Etnogr\u00e1ficas y Estudios Etnoling\u00fc\u00edsticos de las clasificaciones Modernas de Suelos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Seguimos abundando en las aportaciones de la etnoedafolog\u00eda a la edafolog\u00eda actual. Hablamos con anterioridad de las clasificaciones de los pueblos Maya<\/a> y algunas culturas ind\u00edgenas de Brasil<\/a>, as\u00ed como de la <\/span>representaci\u00f3n y <\/span>percepci\u00f3n espacial<\/a> de los suelos y asociaciones de suelos. Sin embargo, tal tema ha sido, consciente o inconscientemente, reconocido por los edaf\u00f3logos, por cuanto numerosas denominaciones con vistas a designar distintos edafotaxa aun se mantienen en las taxonom\u00edas nacionales, e incluso en los de la propia WRB (FAO). Es decir abundan las ra\u00edces vern\u00e1culas, como bien nos recuerda Tatiana Volkova<\/span>. Y como nadie discute (ni los anglosajones, aunque los yanquis siempre a\u00f1adan a la lista alguno de sus h\u00e9roes, m\u00e1s o menos inmerecidamente) que la Edafolog\u00eda naci\u00f3 en Rusia, es l\u00f3gico que los estudios etnoling\u00fc\u00edsticos<\/span> de la terminolog\u00eda de las clasificaciones revele la patria de los primeros edaf\u00f3logos. En los a\u00f1os 60 la USDA Soil Taxonomy trastoc\u00f3 todo creando una terminolog\u00eda de nuevo cu\u00f1o. Empero quedaron vestigios (por ejemplo \u201cRendnoll\u201d). Analicemos hoy un poco m\u00e1s el tema.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Con el tiempo, los nombres vern\u00e1culos van siendo reemplazados por otros m\u00e1s as\u00e9pticos. Sin embargo, son muchos los edaf\u00f3logos que se niegan a reemplazar las denominaciones de ciertos tipos de suelos, por cuanto forman parte de su vocabulario, y no siempre se encuentran buenos sustitutos terminol\u00f3gicos, Por otro lado son parte de nuestro patrimonio cultural<\/span> como colectivo social. Dig\u00e1moslo tambi\u00e9n, algo de actitudes nacionalistas<\/span> impregnan el tema.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

No hay razones para discernir entre abor\u00edgenes o ind\u00edgenas del continente europeo de los de los restantes continentes. En otras palabras, la nomenclatura actual refleja influencias etnol\u00f3gicas<\/span>. Lo mismo ocurre en las taxonom\u00edas biol\u00f3gicas<\/span>. Tal hecho lo considero personalmente m\u00e1s positivo que negativo. Es acervo cultural y punto.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

No debe extra\u00f1arnos pues la abundancia de ra\u00edces eslavas y de pueblos colindantes en las taxonom\u00edas de suelos, mal que les pese a los defensores del imperio. Como recuerda Tatiana, el \u00fanico vocablo de origen anglosaj\u00f3n es \u201csoil\u201d (suelo), por lo que su aportaci\u00f3n habr\u00eda que ponerla en duda. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

El resumen<\/span> de la contribuci\u00f3n de Tatiana en forma de \u201cPoster Theatre\u201d  <\/span>(p\u00f3ster m\u00e1s breve presentaci\u00f3n oral) para el Congreso Mundial de Suelos de Filadelfia, es suficientemente ilustrativa para que siga escupiendo estupideces. Reitero que se trata de un verdadero patrimonio cultural digno de ser preservado<\/span>. Os dejo con Tatiana y el enlace correspondiente. Obviamente, como siempre, el coloreado es m\u00edo. En esta ocasi\u00f3n, los rusos ganaron a los americanos<\/span>. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/span><\/b>  <\/span>   <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Etymological Study of English Terms for South Russian Soils (from World Reference Base)<\/a>.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Etymological Study of English Terms for South Russian Soils (from World Refe<\/span><\/b>rence Base).<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Tatyana Y. Valkova<\/span><\/b>, Rostov State Univ, B. Sadovaya str., 105, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Soil science originated in <\/span>Russia<\/span><\/st1:place><\/st1:country-region>. Its fathers – V.V. Dokuchaev and N.M. Sibirtsev \u2013 developed the nomenclature of soils based on Russian folk words<\/span>, describing the peculiarities of the surface layers of local soils, the most frequent being color characteristics: black soil, red soil, brown soil, yellow soil. The color of surface layers being identical for the soils of different quality, the names became more detailed: brown forest soils, grey forest soils, brown desert soils<\/span>. Russian nomenclature was later enriched by terms from other languages, not necessarily Slavonic:<\/span> takhyry (Bashkir<\/span>), rendzina (Polish<\/span>), gley (Ukranian<\/span>), etc. Soon soil science acquired international scale and became a world-wide discipline. The international nomenclature was enriched by several ways. First, there were Slavonic borrowings prope<\/span>r (chernozem, zheltozem, burozem, podzol, solonetz, solonchak, solod, gley, rendzina<\/span>). Another point was<\/span> literal translation of Russian terms into English. This featured some drawbacks, such as scientifically imprecise translation, e.g. black soil. (The main characteristic feature of black soil is its fertility, not the color. Not any black soil is necessarily fertile). The third way is usage of Latin words and roots<\/span>, which is nominal and is used in the World Reference Base correlating with the UNESCO’s Soil Map of the World. The subject of this study is the origin of not all terms for soils spread world-wide, but the nomenclature only for South Russian soils. Here 212 English terms were studied, 66 of them included into WRB; others being adequate translation of Russian terms, are widely used by soil scientists all over the world and fixed in special literature, dictionaries included<\/span>. It should be noted here that it’s impossible to speak of purely Russian, English or Latin origin of this or that term, as most soil names are compound, and each term-forming element may have its own etymology. That’s why as a minimum indivisible unit of analysis a meaningful morpheme<\/span> is taken, not the whole word. E.g. epigleyic phaeozem* is constituted of a Latin prefix epi-, Ukranian root -gley-, Latin root phaeo-, Russian root -zem and the English word-forming suffix -ic, which isn’t considered a term element as it possesses no semantics of its own (it bears only grammatical meaning, showing the part of speech). The 66 terms from WRB are formed by 33 term-elements and their combinations. The linguistic study<\/span> shows that the bulk of these term-elements are Latin roots<\/span>, e.g. alb- (from albus \u2013 fair, white), implied in such terms as albeluvisol* (podzolic soil), albi-luvic phaeozem* (grey forest soil), etc. The root -calc- is of Latin origin too (calx, calcis \u2013 limestone) and enters such terms as calci-glossic chernozem* (southern black soil), luvi-calcic kastanozem* (brown carbonaceous soil), etc. Other Latin roots are -lix- (lix \u2013 leach ash, leach) in the term lixisols* (yellow soils), -moll- (mollio \u2013 to soften, to loosen) in the terms molli-gleyic solonchak* (meadow solonchak), mollic gleysols* (meadow soils), -plan- (planus \u2013 plane, flat) in sodi-gleyic planosol*, -sal- (salio \u2013 to salt) in the terms salic chernozem* (solonchak black soil), molli-salic solonetz* (chestnut solonetz), etc. All in all, there’s the total of 25 Latin term-elements, that makes up about 76% of all term-elements under analysis. There are only 5 Russian roots<\/span> here. These are<\/span> -chern- and -zem- in chernozem* (black soil), -solonchak- and -solonetz-, and nominally Russian -kastan-. Actually the word \u201dkashtan\u201d (chestnut) came to Russian in the 17th century from Polish (kasztan). It originated from German <\/span>Kastanie, which is traced back to Latin castanea, which, in its turn, is of Greek origin<\/span> (kastanon). Thus, the etymology of the term-element -kastan- is quite ambiguous. However, it is considered nominally Russian, as the term kastanozem* is rather based on the Russian word \u201dkashtan\u201d than on the Polish or German ones. So, the portion of Russian roots in the group under analysis is 15%<\/span>. In the WRB there are very few term-elements of Ukranian, Polish and, strange as it may sound, English origin<\/span>. Each of these languages makes up a share of only 3% of the total number of the term-elements. Among Ukrainian<\/span> units there is the root -gley-: it was translated into Russian as \u201csticky clay\u201d, but then lost its original meaning. Among Polish<\/span> units is the root -rendz-, which enters such terms as, for example, rendzic leptosol*. According to Vilensky, the term rendzina came from Polish rzendzic, meaning jitter, shake (thus is the way the plough goes over stony lime soil). English is represented here by only one term-element<\/span>, soil<\/span>, that is the basic notion of the whole soil science. The conclusion is: Latin language is the most important WRB-forming factor<\/span>. Although it is called a dead language, it is fairly considered the language of science and is widely used in natural studies. The etymological study of the soil science terminology is of great linguistic interest, involving the trace of the origin of the terms themselves as well as the historical overview into the development of the whole soil science and its evolution<\/span>. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Seguimos abundando en las aportaciones de la etnoedafolog\u00eda a la edafolog\u00eda actual. Hablamos con anterioridad de las clasificaciones de los pueblos Maya y algunas culturas ind\u00edgenas de Brasil, as\u00ed como de la representaci\u00f3n y percepci\u00f3n espacial de los suelos y asociaciones de suelos. Sin embargo, tal tema ha sido, consciente o inconscientemente, reconocido por los edaf\u00f3logos, por cuanto numerosas denominaciones con vistas a designar distintos edafotaxa aun se mantienen en las taxonom\u00edas nacionales, e incluso en los de la propia WRB (FAO). Es decir abundan las ra\u00edces vern\u00e1culas, como bien nos recuerda Tatiana Volkova. Y como nadie discute (ni los\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[591,599,597,601],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45049"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45049"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134167,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45049\/revisions\/134167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}