{"id":90691,"date":"2008-05-02T08:56:00","date_gmt":"2008-05-02T08:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/universo\/archive\/2008\/05\/02\/90691.aspx"},"modified":"2010-01-22T03:47:26","modified_gmt":"2010-01-22T02:47:26","slug":"los-microorganismos-del-suelo-y-su-inmensa-diversidad-sobre-bacterias-hongos-arqueas-y-virus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2008\/05\/02\/90691","title":{"rendered":"Los Microorganismos del suelo y su Inmensa Diversidad: Sobre Bacterias, Hongos, Arqueas y Virus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">Como veremos posteriormente, y ya indicamos en numerosos post, como el que llevaba el t\u00edtulo<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><FONT color=#990000> <\/FONT><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">\u201c<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/04\/17\/63741.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>Bioprospecci\u00f3n de Suelos<\/FONT><\/A><\/SPAN><FONT color=#990000><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">\u201d<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"> <\/SPAN><\/FONT><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">la biodiversidad que atesora el medio ed\u00e1fico apenas ha sido explorada<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"> (<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2005\/10\/20\/7527.aspx\"><FONT color=#800080>que poco sabemos de el mundo que tenemos bajo nuestros pies)<\/FONT><\/A><FONT color=#990000> <\/FONT><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">, en contra de lo que ocurre con la marina y la de ambientes aun mucho m\u00e1s singulares o ex\u00f3ticos. Ya os comentamos tambi\u00e9n los numerosos <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/02\/09\/13202.aspx\"><FONT color=#800080>problemas para estimar su biodiversidad <\/FONT><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">. Tambi\u00e9n hemos reiterado que, a falta de tax\u00f3nomos, comienzan a utilizarse <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">t\u00e9cnicas gen\u00f3micas y metagen\u00f3micas<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">. <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Expusimos nuestras reservas<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"> a la hora de hacer uso de la<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><FONT color=#990000> <\/FONT><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/09\/25\/43231.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>gen\u00f3mica, <\/FONT><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN>ya que <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">no se debe jam\u00e1s confundir la riqueza y abundancia de especies con un <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/03\/08\/60721.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>c\u00f3digo de barras gen\u00e9tico<\/FONT><\/A><FONT color=#990000>. <\/FONT><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Ahora bien<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">, cuando no se quiere vender mala ciencia y se aceptan las limitaciones de estas metodolog\u00edas, <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">los resultados que pueden aportar son sumamente importantes, y tanto m\u00e1s cuando<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"> no hay otros medios, o intereses pol\u00edtico-cient\u00edficos, como para iniciar estudios m\u00e1s profundos de naturaleza taxon\u00f3mica. Este es el caso de una noticia aparecida en <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\"><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\"><FONT color=#990000>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">Sciencedaily<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">,<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"> <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">y que llevaba por t\u00edtulo: \u201c<\/SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><A href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2007\/11\/071108175543.htm\"><SPAN lang=ES style=\"COLOR: blue; mso-ansi-language: ES\">New Study Suggests Many Unknown Microbes in Soil<\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">\u201d (<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">\u201cNuevos Estudios sugieren que el suelo alberga muchos microbios desconocidos\u201d<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">). La verdad es que este \u00faltimo es, por lo que os hemos contado, <\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">un elogio a la trivialidad<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">. Pero no ocurre lo mismo con la noticia en s\u00ed, que reproducimos al final del texto en suahili. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1> <H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1> <H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p>&nbsp;<IMG style=\"WIDTH: 449px; HEIGHT: 293px\" height=330 src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/o_Aqueas%20del%20suelo.jpg\" width=464><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1> <H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1> <H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><A href=\"http:\/\/ethesis.helsinki.fi\/julkaisut\/maa\/skemi\/vk\/jurgens\/cover.html\"><SPAN lang=ES style=\"mso-ansi-language: ES\"><FONT color=#800080>Arqueas en suelos boreales forestales<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1><!--more--><H1 style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/H1> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">La mayor parte la las investigaciones sobre biodiversidad microbiana del medio ed\u00e1fico se ha centrado en los an\u00e1lisis bacterianos<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">. <SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN>Sin embargo, los autores del art\u00edculo al que nos referiremos hoy, publicado en la revista <A href=\"http:\/\/www.asm.org\/\" target=_blank><FONT color=#000099>American Society for Microbiology<\/FONT><\/A> han ido mucho m\u00e1s lejos y, mediante <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">an\u00e1lisis metagen\u00f3micos del RNA mitocondrial <\/SPAN><\/B>han puesto en evidencia que, <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">al contrario de lo que se presupon\u00eda, las bacterias no constituyen la mayor parte de la biodiversidad microbiana del suelo<\/SPAN><\/B>, ni mucho menos. Y eso s\u00ed que es una novedad. <SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN>Estos investigadores norteamericanos <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">analizaron indirectamente la diversidad de bacterias, arqueas, hongos y virus, demostrando que cualquiera de estos \u00faltimos tres grupos taxon\u00f3micos resulta ser tanto o m\u00e1s diverso que el primero<\/SPAN><\/B>. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<IMG src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/o_Aureobasidium%20hongos%20suelo.jpg\"><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au\/Mycology\/StructureFunction\/dimorphicStructures.shtml\"><FONT color=#800080>Hongos del Suelo: Aureobasidium pullalans.<\/FONT><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">De tal hallazgo los autores concluyen que, <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">al ocurrir en suelos de ecosistemas tan contrastados como <\/SPAN><\/B>lo son los bosques tropicales, praderas y desiertos, g<B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">ran parte de la diversidad terrestre del planeta aun es desconocida<\/SPAN><\/B>. Se\u00f1alamos tambi\u00e9n que <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">est\u00e1s t\u00e9cnicas no ofrecen el n\u00famero real de especies <\/SPAN><\/B>(como otros vendemotos se\u00f1alan),<B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\"> sin<\/SPAN><\/B>o la diversidad relativa entre estos taxa. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><IMG src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/o_yeastFormFungi.jpg\"><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au\/Mycology\/StructureFunction\/dimorphicStructures.shtml\"><FONT color=#800080>Levaduras del Suelo<\/FONT><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">M\u00e1s aun, detectaron que <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">la diversidad-<\/SPAN><\/B>variabilidad <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">gen\u00f3mica era completamente distinta en cada una de las muestras analizadas<\/SPAN><\/B>, por lo que <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">no se trata <\/SPAN><\/B>en general <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">de especies<\/SPAN><\/B> ubicuas o <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">cosmopolitas<\/SPAN><\/B>, como otros han llegado a postular sin conocimiento de causa, <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">sino idiosincr\u00e1sicas de cada muestra de suelo<\/SPAN><\/B>. Del mismo modo, de sus an\u00e1lisis infieren que l<B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">as comunidades de virus son muy diferentes de las detectadas en otros recursos<\/SPAN><\/B>. Como ya comentamos, <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">la bioprospecci\u00f3n de suelos no deparar\u00e1 exclusivamente datos de inter\u00e9s ecol\u00f3gico, sino <\/SPAN><\/B>que ser\u00e1 de gran ayuda para la obtenci\u00f3n de <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">productos de inter\u00e9s comercial<\/SPAN><\/B>, como<B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\"> nuevos f\u00e1rmacos<\/SPAN><\/B>, entre otros muchos. Tan solo hace falta que los pol\u00edticos y la comunidad cient\u00edfica act\u00faen guiados por la l\u00f3gica cient\u00edfica, y no por las modas o los intereses medi\u00e1ticos, como viene ocurriendo por desgracia. <SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><SPAN style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">&nbsp;<\/SPAN><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<IMG style=\"WIDTH: 404px; HEIGHT: 205px\" height=398 src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/o_soil%20bacteria%20USDA.jpg\" width=514><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/soils.usda.gov\/sqi\/concepts\/soil_biology\/bacteria.html\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><FONT color=#800080>Bacteria dot the surface of strands of fungal hyphae.<BR>Credit: R. Campbell. In R. Campbell. 1985. <o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN class=MsoHyperlink><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><A href=\"http:\/\/soils.usda.gov\/sqi\/concepts\/soil_biology\/bacteria.html\"><FONT color=#800080>Plant Microbiology. Edward Arnold; London.<\/FONT><\/A><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Bacterias sobre hifas de hongos en el suelo<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><IMG height=180 src=\"\/blogs\/universo\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/42\/files\/163\/o_bacteri\u00f3fagos%20suelos%20ant\u00e1rticos.jpg\" width=419><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma\"><o:p> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma\">Virus bacteriofagos (infectan bacterias) del suelo<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B>&nbsp;<\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">New Study Suggests Many Unknown Microbes in Soil<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal id=first style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><EM><SPAN class=date><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">ScienceDaily (<\/SPAN><\/B><\/SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags\" \/><st1:date Month=\"11\" Day=\"12\" Year=\"2007\"><SPAN class=date><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Nov. 12, 2007<\/SPAN><\/B><\/SPAN><\/st1:date><SPAN class=date><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">)<\/SPAN><\/B><\/SPAN><\/EM><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">\u2014 <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Metagenomic analysis of microbial biodiversity in soil <\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">samples suggest that <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">non-bacterial species greatly outnumber bacterial species<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">This means the majority of microorganisms on the Earth remain undiscovered<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, according to researchers from the University of <\/SPAN><st1:State><st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Colorado<\/SPAN><\/st1:place><\/st1:State><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/SPAN><st1:place><st1:City><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">University of South<\/SPAN><\/st1:City><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><st1:State><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Florida<\/SPAN><\/st1:State><\/st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, <\/SPAN><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">San Diego<\/SPAN><\/st1:PlaceName><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">State<\/SPAN><\/st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">University<\/SPAN><\/st1:PlaceType><\/st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> and <\/SPAN><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Duke<\/SPAN><\/st1:PlaceName><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><st1:PlaceType><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">University<\/SPAN><\/st1:PlaceType><\/st1:place><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><FONT size=2><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Soil microorganisms represent a significant portion of living matter on Earth and play a key role in ecosystem functions. Bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> are the four microbial groups currently known to man. <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Bacterial presence in soil has been the most extensively studied, however <\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">with the environment at the forefront of worldwide focus, <B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #3366ff\">expanded research on fungal, archaeal, and viral communities is much needed<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN style=\"COLOR: black\">. <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p><FONT size=2><\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">In the study researchers used an <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">RNA-based analysis<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">technique to examine the richness of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses in samples collected from prairie, desert, and rainforest soils<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">. These sites were specifically targeted because they represent globally dominated ecosystem types and are broad in aridity and productivity. <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Results showed that unique archaeal or fungal units appeared to rival or exceed unique bacterial <\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">units in each of the soil samples.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p><FONT size=2><\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">\u00ab<\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">In this first study, to comprehensively survey rival communities using a metagenomic approach<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, we found that <\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">soil viruses are taxonomically diverse and distinct from the communities of viruses found in other environments<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"> that have been surveyed using a similar approach,\u00bb say the researchers. \u00ab<\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Within each of the four microbial groups, we observed minimal taxonomic overlap between sites, suggesting that soil archaea, bacteria, fungi, and viruses are globally as well as locally diverse<\/SPAN><\/B><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">.\u00bb<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p><FONT size=2><\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><FONT size=2>Journal reference: N. Fierer, M. Breitbart, J. Nulton, P. Salamon, C. Lozupone, R. Jones, M. Robeson, R.A. Edwards, B. Felts, S. Rayhawk, R. Knight, F. Rohwer, R.B. Jackson. 2007. Metagenomic and small-subunit rRNA analyses reveal the genetic diversity of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses in soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73. 21: 7059-7066.<o:p><\/o:p><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/P> <P style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify\"><FONT size=2><EM><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">Adapted from materials provided by <\/SPAN><\/EM><EM><SPAN style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial\"><A href=\"http:\/\/www.asm.org\/\" target=_blank rel=nofollow><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099><SPAN id=source>American Society for Microbiolog<\/SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt\">y<\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><\/EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, via <\/SPAN><\/EM><EM><SPAN style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial\"><A href=\"http:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/\" target=_blank rel=nofollow><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><FONT color=#000099>EurekAlert!<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><\/EM><EM><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">, a service of AAAS<\/SPAN><\/EM><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\">.<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/FONT><\/P> <P><SPAN lang=EN-GB style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB\"><o:p><FONT size=2>&nbsp;<\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><B style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial\">Post previos sobre biodiversidad del suelo<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P> <P><SPAN style=\"COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial\"><o:p><FONT size=2><\/FONT><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2005\/10\/20\/7527.aspx\"><FONT color=#800080>Que Poco Sabemos del Suelo: \u00bfCuales son los Organismos m\u00e1s Grandes del Mundo?<\/FONT><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/01\/23\/12504.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>Aspectos Generales de la Biolog\u00eda y Biodiversidad del Suelo<\/FONT><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/02\/09\/13202.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#800080>Problemas para Estimar la Biodiversidad del Suelo<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/03\/30\/17096.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Los Suelos: Banco de Semillas \u201cin situ\u201d por Antonomasia<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/06\/20\/31785.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>La Rizosfera: Universos Dentro de Universos<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/07\/03\/33416.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>El Asombroso Entramado de la Vida en los Suelos<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/07\/04\/33569.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#800080>Individuos y Ecosistemas o Individuos-Ecosistemas: la Ambig\u00fcedad de la Vida y la Importancia del Suelo<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/06\/04\/67011.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>Clasificaci\u00f3n de los Organismos del Suelo por Tama\u00f1os<\/FONT><\/A> <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/07\/19\/70267.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Diversidad y Escalas en Biota y Suelos<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/09\/11\/73766.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Contraste Taxon\u00f3mico y Diversidad<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/03\/08\/60721.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Biodiversidad y El C\u00f3digo de Barras Gen\u00e9tico: \u00bfCient\u00edficos o Comerciantes?<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2006\/09\/25\/43231.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Gen\u00f3mica y Suelos: \u00bfUna Revoluci\u00f3n?<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/04\/17\/63741.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Bioprospecci\u00f3n de Suelos, Enfermedades Intrahospitalarias y Biocombustibles<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2007\/10\/26\/77479.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Comunidades Microbianas del Suelo: Relaciones Biodiversidad-\u00c1rea<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2008\/01\/03\/81750.aspx\"><FONT color=#000099>\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el Grupo Taxon\u00f3mico m\u00e1s Diversificado del Mundo?<\/FONT><\/A> <o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><A href=\"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/universo\/archive\/2008\/03\/19\/86956.aspx\"><SPAN style=\"BORDER-RIGHT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #dfd7d6 1pt dotted; mso-border-alt: dotted #DFD7D6 .75pt\"><FONT color=#000099>Diversidad de Sustratos, Diversidad de H\u00e1bitats y Biodiversidad<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/A><o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\"><o:p>&nbsp;<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P> <P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt\"><SPAN style=\"COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'\">Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<o:p><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Como veremos posteriormente, y ya indicamos en numerosos post, como el que llevaba el t\u00edtulo \u201cBioprospecci\u00f3n de Suelos\u201d la biodiversidad que atesora el medio ed\u00e1fico apenas ha sido explorada (que poco sabemos de el mundo que tenemos bajo nuestros pies) , en contra de lo que ocurre con la marina y la de ambientes aun mucho m\u00e1s singulares o ex\u00f3ticos. Ya os comentamos tambi\u00e9n los numerosos problemas para estimar su biodiversidad . Tambi\u00e9n hemos reiterado que, a falta de tax\u00f3nomos, comienzan a utilizarse t\u00e9cnicas gen\u00f3micas y metagen\u00f3micas. Expusimos nuestras reservas a la hora de hacer uso de la gen\u00f3mica, &nbsp;ya\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[596,586,601],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90691"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90691"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134655,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90691\/revisions\/134655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}