{"id":99480,"date":"2008-08-26T09:39:00","date_gmt":"2008-08-26T09:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/weblogs.madrimasd.org\/\/universo\/archive\/2008\/08\/26\/99480.aspx"},"modified":"2010-01-22T03:48:51","modified_gmt":"2010-01-22T02:48:51","slug":"contaminacion-por-residuos-inertes-y-chatarra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/2008\/08\/26\/99480","title":{"rendered":"Contaminaci\u00f3n por Residuos Inertes y Chatarra"},"content":{"rendered":"

Al menos en Europa, cuando se catalogan los residuos, se denominan inertes<\/span><\/b> (en contraposici\u00f3n a peligrosos, contaminantes, etc.) a aquellos que se \u201csupone\u00bb que no tienen efectos para la salud humana y ambiental. Sin embargo<\/span><\/b>, la ciencia progresa y lo que hoy se considera \u201cinerte\u201d puede resultar contaminante ma\u00f1ana. Por ejemplo, la mayor parte de los materiales de la construcci\u00f3n urbana eran catalogados como tales<\/span><\/b>. Sin embargo, a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s se comprendi\u00f3 que el amianto que conten\u00edan muchos de ellos era muy nocivo<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b>. Se prohibi\u00f3 su uso. Lo que desconozco es que se hizo con una ingente cantidad de desechos de obras que hab\u00edan sido entendidos como inocuos.  <\/span>Con toda seguridad, aun se encuentran dispersos en miles de lugares<\/span><\/b>. En este post nos centraremos sobre la chatarra y algunos otros residuos inertes que ahora se demuestran que tampoco son nada in\u00f3cuos<\/span><\/b>. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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Foto extra\u00edda de la misma noticia en Sciencedaily<\/o:p><\/font><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Shipwreck – view from bow. (Credit: Thierry M. Work (USGS))<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/span>

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Se trata de los restos de embarcaciones que naufragaron (y me imagino tambi\u00e9n que las artes para la pesca<\/SPAN><\/B>, que devienen en pandemia en el fondo de los oc\u00e9anos<\/SPAN><\/B>). Hoy el Bolet\u00edn de Noticias Terradaily<\/SPAN><\/B> se hac\u00eda eco de una investigaci\u00f3n publicada en PlosOne<\/FONT><\/A>, una revista en acceso abierto cuyo prestigio crece vertiginosamente, d\u00eda a d\u00eda. El art\u00edculo parece mostrar que tal chatarra<\/SPAN><\/B> (barcos naufragados) afecta muy seriamente a los arrecifes de Corales (y quiz\u00e1s a otros ecosistemas marinos)<\/SPAN><\/B>. La magnitud y gravedad del problema aun no se ha explorado en \u201cprofundidad\u201d, si bien los datos son ciertamente alarmantes<\/SPAN><\/B>. La noticia period\u00edstica de Terradaily<\/SPAN><\/B> puede bajarse pinchando aqu\u00ed<\/FONT><\/A>, mientras que al art\u00edculo original de PlosOne<\/SPAN><\/B> pinchando aqu\u00ed<\/A>. Abajo os expongo la primera.<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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Como podr\u00e9is leer, lo que los expertos han observado es el crecimiento exponencial de una especie \u00bfinvasora? que afecta muy negativamente a los corales<\/SPAN><\/B> (alegan que posiblemente sea el hierro<\/SPAN><\/B>). El investigador que lidera el trabajo urge a que se saquen del mar tal chatarra. Pues resulta que los oc\u00e9anos est\u00e1n repletos de embarcaciones hundidas, a veces a enormes profundidades<\/SPAN><\/B>. Que se refloten los barcos de las Reservas Submarinas es una posibilidad, pero<\/SPAN><\/B> todos los nav\u00edos (y m\u00e1s aun la restante chatarra) que yacen actualmente en el fondo del mar es imposible. Si se puede exigir a los pescadores que no echen toda la mierda que producen o utilizan por la borda, pero \u00bfQui\u00e9n puede controlar tal medida?. Podemos por tanto conjeturar que parte de los ecosistemas de los fondos marinos ya se encuentra afectada por la \u201cchatarra o vertidos inertes\u201d. \u00bfInertes?<\/SPAN><\/B><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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Una observaci\u00f3n<\/SPAN><\/B>. No deja de preocuparme que en la tierra emergida ocurra lo mismo, y tengamos m\u00e1s suleos contaminados que lo que imaginamos. Habr\u00eda que reclasificar lo que es inerte y lo que no lo es. Pero<\/SPAN><\/B>, en vista que lo que hoy parece inofensivo ma\u00f1ana puede demostrarse que es peligroso (\u2026..). Solo cabe una conclusi\u00f3n. Terminaremos envenenados y envenenando la biosfera definitivamente con nuestros propios residuos<\/SPAN><\/B>. Hoy por hoy, bajo la opresi\u00f3n de una econom\u00eda globalizante y bobalizante, no hay salida.  <\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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  <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>Juan Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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Noticia de Terra Daily: Shipwrecks On Cor<\/SPAN><\/B>al Reefs Harbor Unwanted Species<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/B><\/P>

by Staff Writers; <\/SPAN>Washington<\/SPAN><\/st1:City> <\/SPAN>DC<\/SPAN><\/st1:State><\/st1:place> (SPX) <\/SPAN>Aug 26, 2008<\/SPAN><\/st1:date>.<\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>


<\/SPAN>Shipwrecks on coral reefs may increase invasion of unwanted species<\/SPAN><\/B>, according to a recent U.S. Geological Survey study<\/SPAN><\/B>. These unwanted species can completely overtake the reef and eliminate all the native coral, dramatically decreasing the diversity of marine organisms on the reef<\/SPAN><\/B>. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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This study documents for the first time that a rapid change in the dominant biota on a coral reef is unambiguously associated with man-made structures<\/SPAN><\/B>. The findings of the study, published in the open-access journal PLoS ONE, suggest that removal of these structures sooner rather than later is key to keeping reefs healthy<\/SPAN><\/B>. In many areas of the world, coral reef health is declining, but identifying the exact cause of the problem is difficult. <\/SPAN>Overgrowth of coral reefs by other species, such as algae, are usually attributed to<\/SPAN><\/B> environmental degradation, but bleaching, disease, damage by typhoons, overfishing, coastal development, pollution, and tourism can cause problems as well. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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The study was conducted at <\/SPAN><\/B>Palmyra<\/SPAN><\/B><\/st1:place><\/st1:City> Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in the central Pacific, a relatively remote, comparatively pristine area where little human activity<\/SPAN><\/B> has occurred since WWII. <\/SPAN>In 1991, a 100-foot vessel shipwrecked on the atol<\/SPAN><\/B>l. Scientists first surveyed the area in 2004<\/SPAN><\/B> and found a species called Rhodactis howesii <\/SPAN><\/B>-an organism related to sea anemones and corals-in low abundance around the wreck. In subsequent years, however, populations of this organism increased exponentially<\/SPAN><\/B>. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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Scientists documented extremely high densities of R. howesii that progressively decreased with distance from the ship<\/SPAN><\/B>, whereas R. howesii were rare to absent in other parts of the atoll. <\/SPAN>They also confirmed high densities of R. howesii around several buoys. Whether this phenomenon occurs on other coral atolls is unknown; however, in the case of Palmyra, the R. howesii infestation is beginning to reach catastrophic proportions<\/SPAN><\/B>, according to Dr. Thierry Wo<\/SPAN><\/B>rk<\/SPAN>, the lead author of the study and a scientist at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center<\/SPAN><\/B>, Honolulu Field Station. <\/SPAN>Within a few years, R. howesii spread to where it now occupies nearly 1 square mile<\/SPAN><\/B>. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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\u00abWhy this phenomenon is occurring remains a mystery<\/SPAN><\/B>,\u00bb said Work. One possibility, he said, is that iron leaching from the ship and mooring buoy chains, accompanied with other environmental factors particular to Palmyra atoll, are somehow promoting the growth of Rhodactis<\/SPAN><\/B>. <\/SPAN>\u00abGiven the ability of Rhodactis sp. to rapidly reproduce and completely smother reefs<\/SPAN><\/B>, managers are now facing the possibility that even with removal of the ship, sheer reproductive capacity of R. howesii may continue to fuel its spread along the western reef shelf of <\/SPAN>Palmyra<\/SPAN><\/st1:place><\/st1:City>,\u00bb Work said. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>

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Understanding what constitutes a healthy underwater ecosystem, as well as what does not, is crucial to preventing further losses in species and habitat. This research illustrates a little-known problem that, unlike global warming and pollution, could be prevented by removing man-made debris such as shipwrecks from coral reefs before organisms like Rhodactis howesii can overtake healthy coral reefs<\/SPAN><\/B>. <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Al menos en Europa, cuando se catalogan los residuos, se denominan inertes (en contraposici\u00f3n a peligrosos, contaminantes, etc.) a aquellos que se \u201csupone\u00bb que no tienen efectos para la salud humana y ambiental. Sin embargo, la ciencia progresa y lo que hoy se considera \u201cinerte\u201d puede resultar contaminante ma\u00f1ana. Por ejemplo, la mayor parte de los materiales de la construcci\u00f3n urbana eran catalogados como tales. Sin embargo, a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s se comprendi\u00f3 que el amianto que conten\u00edan muchos de ellos era muy nocivo. Se prohibi\u00f3 su uso. Lo que desconozco es que se hizo con una ingente cantidad de desechos de\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[594,584,615],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":4}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99480"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99480"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99480\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134736,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99480\/revisions\/134736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99480"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99480"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.madrimasd.org\/blogs\/universo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}