Exposición de fotografía
Coleccionar el mundo
Seis fotógrafos norteamericanos en
Texto: María Olivera Zaldua
Exposición dividida en dos partes: tres fotógrafos documentalistas y tres creativos, en los que Callahan y Arbus descubren el mundo desde sus personajes. Para Arbus los retratos posan pero sus gestos son espontáneos y, vista en su conjunto, dice más de Estados Unidos que cualquier documental. Una de las fotos paradigmáticas es “Pareja de adolescentes en la calle Hudson”, fechada en 1963 y en la que un niño se transforma en personaje de Hollywood para imitar a los actores, mientras que la niña a la que abraza por el hombro se hace pasar por mujer. Los años sesenta de la sociedad americana están en esta fotografía.
Friendlander nos engaña porque lo que nadie fotografía él lo capta, y en el engaño queda el documento. En las fotografías de Winogrand se encuentra el instante, lo espontáneo, aquellos momentos en los que parece que no pasa nada y pasa todo. Harry Callahan toma a la mujer como tema principal, con primeros planos, siluetas y sombras. La vida en las calles de Nueva York la muestra Lettiv, destacando los juegos y la espontaneidad de los niños. Por último Evans, uno de los padres del documentalismo fotográfico, ofrece sus imágenes de rostros, calles y señales de la vida cotidiana.
Texto: Paloma Aguilar
La fundación Mapfre, en estos momentos está ofreciendo una muestra de seis colecciones fotográficas, pertenecientes a seis fotógrafos norteamericanos: Arbus, Callahan, Evans, Friedlander, Levitt y Winogrand. Se definen como fotógrafos postdocumentalistas y los seis tiene en común la calle, la gente, escenas espontáneas, tipos de diferentes índoles y clases, expresiones peculiares…
¿Qué les diferencia? Su visión y definición de la fotografía. Harry Callahan la define como maravillosa, como elemento con el que puedes empezar con una idea, pero te pierdes en otra cosa y ahí es donde sucede lo importante.
Lee Friedlander expone que no hay que ir en busca de las fotografías, porque sales y te las encuentras, te están mirando fijamente. Sin embargo su definición no concuerda con su trabajo, porque es precisamente quien más prepara la toma de las escenas.
Diane Arbus cree que una fotografía es un secreto sobre un secreto. Cuanto más te cuenta, menos sabe. Arbus busca los detalles en documentos gráficos a gran tamaño donde pretende resaltar los rostros de las personas retratadas, gentes de los años sesenta muy distintas, con expresiones duras que fuerzan la expresividad. Por otra parte Harry Calahan busca imágenes aisladas del mundo, muestra un testimonio minimalista de la realidad. Encuentra espacios abiertos, escenas lejanas con un encuadre muy angular, pero tiene retratos con unos cortes muy atrevidos en los encuadres, lo que le ayuda a fortalecer y forzar más la transparencia del carácter que se puede apreciar en las imágenes.
Seis autores en busca del universo a través de la fotografía. Una colección de colecciones que conforman un mundo.
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