Formas sinuosas
Abstract
Fluid Mechanics is an old disclipline that has fascinated for centuries to mathematicians, physicists and engineers. The sinusoidal motion of a fluid changing abruptly in space and time suggests an extremely complex mathematical problema. A remarkable step forwards in the history of fluid mechanics was given by Euler who in 1755 wrote form the first time the ecuations of motion of inviscid flows. Some years later, in 1825 Navier and Stokes introduced separately the viscous term in what today we call Navier-Stokes equations, which are extremely dificult to solve. Moderm computers are important tool to deal with hard problems expressed in terms of fluid mechanics equations and therefore a new discipline called Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been developed. A recent study outlined by an expert comittee of the Division of Fluid Mechanics of the American Physical Society describes important applications of fluid and their influence in our daily life.
Wafers made from hyperpure silicon form the Basic for the production of semiconductor elements and are therefore indispensable for practically all electronic components. The Silicon wafers are characterized by their diameter, their cristal orientation, the doping additive and their surface finish. Mathematically the core problema is described by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations cupled with an advection-diffusion equations for heat and concentrations. Efficient and reliable CFD methods are the crucial technologies for a thorought understanding, prediction and optimization of the production of new and state of the art semiconductor single crystals. For instance instabilities may be predicted with accurate simulations and they need to be avoided to have dopants homogeneously distributed.
Microfluidics is a key component of established and developing technologies ranking from lab-on-a-chip biotech devices to inkjet printing. The lack of mixing is often a key obstacle to the effective functioning of microflidic devices as viscous effects dominate at small scales, and inducing turbulence to improve mixing is impractical. Dynamical systems theory provides a suitable paradigm for deterministic mixsing. A powerful idea emerging from pure mathematics is the socalled linked twisted map (LTM) which provides conditions for good mixing properties. Fluid particle motion in micromixers can be described in terms of LTM (or its generalitations) and this show that microfuidic applications can be benefit by closer linkage and use of basic theory.
Por Ana María Mancho Sánchez
Matemáticas y sus Fronteras
Colección Madri+d